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[公式：见正文]规则，[公式：见正文]以及[公式：见正文]在具有FCNC夸克耦合的[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]模型中。

[Formula: see text] rule, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] models with FCNC quark couplings.

作者信息

Buras Andrzej J, De Fazio Fulvia, Girrbach Jennifer

机构信息

TUM Institute for Advanced Study, Lichtenbergstr. 2a, 85747  Garching, Germany.

Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße, 85747  Garching, Germany.

出版信息

Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2014;74(7):2950. doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2950-z. Epub 2014 Jul 11.

DOI:10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2950-z
PMID:25972761
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4410410/
Abstract

The experimental value for the isospin amplitude [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] decays has been successfully explained within the standard model (SM), both within the large [Formula: see text] approach to QCD and by QCD lattice calculations. On the other hand within the large [Formula: see text] approach the value of [Formula: see text] is by at least [Formula: see text] below the data. While this deficit could be the result of theoretical uncertainties in this approach and could be removed by future precise QCD lattice calculations, it cannot be excluded that the missing piece in [Formula: see text] comes from new physics (NP). We demonstrate that this deficit can be significantly softened by tree-level FCNC transitions mediated by a heavy colourless [Formula: see text] gauge boson with a flavour-violating coupling [Formula: see text] and an approximately universal flavour diagonal coupling [Formula: see text] to the quarks. The approximate flavour universality of the latter coupling assures negligible NP contributions to [Formula: see text]. This property, together with the breakdown of the GIM mechanisms at tree level, allows one to enhance significantly the contribution of the leading QCD-penguin operator [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. A large fraction of the missing piece in the [Formula: see text] rule can be explained in this manner for [Formula: see text] in the reach of the LHC, while satisfying the constraints from [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], LEP-II and the LHC. The presence of a small right-handed flavour-violating coupling [Formula: see text] and of enhanced matrix elements of [Formula: see text] left-right operators allows one to satisfy simultaneously the constraints from [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], although this requires some fine-tuning. We identify the correlation between [Formula: see text] contributions to [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The tests of this proposal will require much improved evaluations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] within the SM, of [Formula: see text] as well as precise tree-level determinations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We present correlations between [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with and without the [Formula: see text] rule constraint and generalise the whole analysis to [Formula: see text] with colour ([Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] with FCNC couplings. In the latter case no improvement on [Formula: see text] can be achieved without destroying the agreement of the SM with the data on [Formula: see text]. Moreover, this scenario is very tightly constrained by [Formula: see text]. On the other hand, in the context of the [Formula: see text] rule [Formula: see text] is even more effective than [Formula: see text]: it provides the missing piece in [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text].

摘要

同位旋振幅[公式：见正文]在[公式：见正文]衰变中的实验值已在标准模型（SM）内得到成功解释，无论是在处理量子色动力学（QCD）的大[公式：见正文]方法中，还是通过QCD晶格计算。另一方面，在大[公式：见正文]方法中，[公式：见正文]的值比数据至少低[公式：见正文]。虽然这种不足可能是该方法中理论不确定性的结果，并且可能会被未来精确的QCD晶格计算消除，但不能排除[公式：见正文]中缺失的部分来自新物理（NP）。我们证明，由具有味破坏耦合[公式：见正文]和与夸克的近似通用味对角耦合[公式：见正文]的重无色[公式：见正文]规范玻色子介导的树图水平的味改变中性流（FCNC）跃迁，可以显著缓解这种不足。后一种耦合的近似味通用性确保了NP对[公式：见正文]的贡献可忽略不计。这一特性，连同树图水平上GIM机制的失效，使得主导的QCD - 企鹅算符[公式：见正文]对[公式：见正文]的贡献能够显著增强。对于大型强子对撞机（LHC）可达范围内的[公式：见正文]，[公式：见正文]规则中缺失的大部分可以用这种方式解释，同时满足来自[公式：见正文]、[公式：见正文]、[公式：见正文]、LEP - II和LHC的约束。存在一个小的右手味破坏耦合[公式：见正文]以及[公式：见正文]左右算符增强的矩阵元，使得能够同时满足来自[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]的约束，尽管这需要一些微调。我们确定了[公式：见正文]对[公式：见正文]、[公式：见正文]、[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]贡献之间的相关性。对该提议的检验将需要在SM内对[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]进行大幅改进的评估，对[公式：见正文]以及对[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]进行精确的树图水平测定。我们给出了有和没有[公式：见正文]规则约束时[公式：见正文]、[公式：见正文]和[公式：见正文]之间的相关性，并将整个分析推广到具有色（[公式：见正文]）的[公式：见正文]和具有FCNC耦合的[公式：见正文]。在后一种情况下，如果不破坏SM与[公式：见正文]数据的一致性，就无法在[公式：见正文]上取得改进。此外，这种情形受到[公式：见正文]的非常严格的约束。另一方面，在[公式：见正文]规则的背景下，[公式：见正文]甚至比[公式：见正文]更有效：它为[公式：见正文] - [公式：见正文]提供了[公式：见正文]中缺失的部分。

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