Iwanowicz Deborah D, Sanders Lakyn R, Schill W Bane, Xayavong Maniphet V, da Silva Alexandre J, Qvarnstrom Yvonne, Smith Trevor
1 US Geological Survey, Fish Health Branch, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430, USA.
2 Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, contracted to the US Geological Survey, Fish Health Branch, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2015 Jul;51(3):749-53. doi: 10.7589/2014-06-160. Epub 2015 May 14.
The rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) is a parasitic nematode that causes rat lungworm disease. It is the leading cause of eosinophilic meningitis and is a zoonotic health risk. We confirmed the presence of A. cantonensis using species-specific, quantitative PCR in 18 of 50 (36%) giant African land snails (Lissachatina fulica) collected from Miami, Florida, US in May 2013. These snails were collected from seven of 21 core areas that the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services monitor weekly. Rat lungworms have not previously been identified in these areas. Duplicate DNA extractions of foot muscle tissue from each snail were tested. Of the seven core areas we examined, six were positive for A. cantonensis and prevalence of infection ranged from 27% to 100%. Of the 18 positive snails, only five were positive in both extractions. Our results confirm an increase in the range and prevalence of rat lungworm infection in Miami. We also emphasize the importance of extracting sufficient host tissue to minimize false negatives.
广州管圆线虫是一种寄生线虫，可引发广州管圆线虫病。它是嗜酸性粒细胞性脑膜炎的主要病因，且存在人畜共患病风险。我们于2013年5月在美国佛罗里达州迈阿密采集的50只非洲大蜗牛（非洲大蜗牛）中，通过种特异性定量PCR在18只（36%）蜗牛体内确认了广州管圆线虫的存在。这些蜗牛采自佛罗里达州农业与消费者服务部每周监测的21个核心区域中的7个区域。此前在这些区域尚未发现过广州管圆线虫。对每只蜗牛足部肌肉组织进行了重复DNA提取检测。在我们检测的7个核心区域中，6个区域的蜗牛体内广州管圆线虫呈阳性，感染率在27%至100%之间。在18只呈阳性的蜗牛中，只有5只在两次提取检测中均呈阳性。我们的结果证实迈阿密广州管圆线虫感染范围和感染率均有所增加。我们还强调了提取足够宿主组织以尽量减少假阴性结果的重要性。
