Osugi Takayuki, Murakami Ikuya
Department of Psychology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Psychology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Vision Res. 2015 Jul;112:33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2015.02.024. Epub 2015 May 11.
When certain distractors (old items) appear before others (new items) during an inefficient visual search task, observers exclude the old items from the search (preview benefit), possibly because their locations are deprioritized relative to the locations of the new items. We examined whether participants were able to ignore task-irrelevant changes in a scene (i.e., the onset of repetitive changes, continual repetitive changes, and the cessation of repetitive changes in the background), while performing a preview search task. The results indicated that, when the noise continually changed position throughout each trial, or when dynamic noise was changed to static noise simultaneous with the appearance of the search display, the preview benefit remained. In contrast, when the static background noise was changed to dynamic background noise, simultaneous with the appearance of the search display, this task-irrelevant background event abolished the preview benefit on search efficiency. Therefore, we conclude that the onset of task-irrelevant repetitive changes in the background disrupts the process of inhibitory marking of old items.
在低效的视觉搜索任务中，当某些干扰项（旧项目）比其他项目（新项目）先出现时，观察者会在搜索中排除旧项目（预览效益），这可能是因为相对于新项目的位置，旧项目的位置被赋予了较低的优先级。我们研究了参与者在执行预览搜索任务时，是否能够忽略场景中与任务无关的变化（即背景中重复性变化的开始、持续的重复性变化以及重复性变化的停止）。结果表明，当噪声在每个试验中不断改变位置时，或者当动态噪声在搜索显示出现的同时变为静态噪声时，预览效益仍然存在。相比之下，当静态背景噪声在搜索显示出现的同时变为动态背景噪声时，这种与任务无关的背景事件消除了搜索效率上的预览效益。因此，我们得出结论，背景中与任务无关的重复性变化的开始会干扰旧项目抑制标记的过程。
