Demuez Marie, Mahdy Ahmed, Tomás-Pejó Elia, González-Fernández Cristina, Ballesteros Mercedes
IMDEA Energy Institute, Biotechnological Processes for Energy Production Unit, Av. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935, Móstoles, Spain.
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2015 Oct;112(10):1955-66. doi: 10.1002/bit.25644. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
When employing biotechnological processes for the procurement of biofuels and bio-products from microalgae, one of the most critical steps affecting economy and yields is the "cell disruption" stage. Currently, enzymatic cell disruption has delivered effective and cost competitive results when compared to mechanical and chemical cell disruption methods. However, the introduction of enzymes implies additional associated cost within the overall process. In order to reduce this cost, autolysis of microalgae is proposed as alternative enzymatic cell disruption method. This review aims to provide the state of the art of enzymatic cell disruption treatments employed in biorefinery processes and highlights the use of endopeptidases. During the enzymatic processes of microalgae life cycle, some lytic enzymes involved in cell division and programmed cell death have been proven useful in performing cell lysis. In this context, the role of endopeptidases is emphasized. Mirroring these natural events, an alternative cell disruption approach is proposed and described with the potential to induce the autolysis process using intrinsic cell enzymes. Integrating induced autolysis within biofuel production processes offers a promising approach to reduce overall global costs and energetic input associated with those of current cell disruption methods. A number of options for further inquiry are also discussed.
在采用生物技术工艺从微藻中获取生物燃料和生物产品时，影响经济性和产量的最关键步骤之一是“细胞破碎”阶段。目前，与机械和化学细胞破碎方法相比，酶促细胞破碎已取得了有效且具有成本竞争力的成果。然而，酶的引入意味着整个过程中会产生额外的相关成本。为了降低这一成本，提出将微藻自溶作为一种替代酶促细胞破碎的方法。本综述旨在介绍生物精炼过程中酶促细胞破碎处理的现状，并突出内肽酶的应用。在微藻生命周期的酶促过程中，一些参与细胞分裂和程序性细胞死亡的裂解酶已被证明可用于细胞裂解。在此背景下，强调了内肽酶的作用。借鉴这些自然事件，提出并描述了一种替代细胞破碎方法，该方法有可能利用细胞内源性酶诱导自溶过程。将诱导自溶整合到生物燃料生产过程中，为降低与当前细胞破碎方法相关的总体全球成本和能源投入提供了一种有前景的方法。还讨论了一些可供进一步研究的选项。
