Apcher Sebastien, Daskalogianni Chrysoula, Fåhraeus Robin
Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Sud, Unité 1015 département d'immunologie, 114, rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France.
Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm UMR1162, Université Paris 7, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris, France.
Mol Immunol. 2015 Dec;68(2 Pt A):68-71. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.04.019. Epub 2015 May 12.
The notion that alternative peptide substrates can be processed and presented to the MHC class I pathway has opened for new aspects on how the immune system detects infected or damaged cells. Recent works show that antigenic peptides are derived from intron sequences in pre-mRNAs target for the nonsense-mediated degradation pathway. Introns are spliced out co-transcriptionally suggesting that such pioneer translation products (PTPs) are synthesized on the nascent RNAs in the nuclear compartment to ensure that the first peptides to emerge from an mRNA are destined for the class I pathway. This illustrates an independent translation event during mRNA maturation that give rise to specific peptide products with a specific function in the immune system. The characterization of the translation apparatus responsible for PTP synthesis will pave the way for understanding how PTP production is regulated in different tissues under different conditions and will help designing new vaccine strategies.
替代肽底物可被加工并呈递给MHC I类途径这一观念，为免疫系统如何检测受感染或受损细胞开辟了新的视角。最近的研究表明，抗原肽源自前体mRNA中靶向无义介导降解途径的内含子序列。内含子在转录过程中被剪接出来，这表明此类先驱翻译产物（PTP）是在细胞核内新生RNA上合成的，以确保从mRNA中出现的首批肽 destined for the class I pathway。这说明了mRNA成熟过程中的一个独立翻译事件，该事件产生了在免疫系统中具有特定功能的特定肽产物。负责PTP合成的翻译装置的表征，将为理解不同条件下不同组织中PTP的产生如何受到调控铺平道路，并有助于设计新的疫苗策略。
原文中“destined for the class I pathway”表述不太完整准确，可能影响理解，但按要求未作修改。
