Liu Yanchen, Dong Qian, Shi Hanchang
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China,
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Sep;99(18):7723-34. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-6661-7. Epub 2015 May 16.
The sewage system functions as an important public infrastructure. The survived microbial population inside the sewage system plays an important role in the biochemical process during wastewater transportation within the system. The study aims to investigate the microbial communities spatial distribution inside manholes and sewage pipes by using the massive parallel 454 pyrosequencing combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA. The microbial structure, distribution characteristic, taxonomic composition analysis, and compositional overlaps of the microbial community both were conducted. The result indicated that the changes in microbial diversity exhibited a consistent trend with average dehydrogenase activity. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Anaerolineae were the dominant bacteria in the sewage system. The microbial community exhibited distinguishing characteristics in comparison with fecal, surface water, and wastewater treatment process. Parachlamydia acanthamoebae, Zymophilus paucivorans, and uncultured Epsilon proteobacterium were mainly found at the upper position of the manhole, while Microbacterium sp. was mainly found at the lower position. Longilinea, Georgenia, and Desulforhabdus were mainly observed in the sewage pipe. The microbial bacteria that survived in the anaerobic environment (i.e., sulfate reduction bacteria groups) exhibited a significant positive relationship with anaerobic crucial environmental factors in the redundancy analysis.
污水系统作为一项重要的公共基础设施发挥着作用。污水系统内存活的微生物群体在系统内废水输送过程中的生化过程中起着重要作用。本研究旨在通过结合使用大规模平行454焦磷酸测序和16S rRNA V1-V3区域的变性梯度凝胶电泳来研究检查井和污水管道内微生物群落的空间分布。对微生物结构、分布特征、分类组成分析以及微生物群落的组成重叠情况均进行了研究。结果表明，微生物多样性的变化与平均脱氢酶活性呈现出一致的趋势。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和厌氧绳菌纲是污水系统中的优势细菌。与粪便、地表水和废水处理过程相比，该微生物群落表现出显著特征。棘阿米巴副衣原体、少食发酵单胞菌和未培养的ε-变形菌主要存在于检查井的上部位置，而微杆菌属主要存在于下部位置。长绳菌属、乔氏菌属和脱硫嗜热栖菌属主要在污水管道中被观察到。在冗余分析中，在厌氧环境中存活的微生物细菌（即硫酸盐还原菌群）与厌氧关键环境因素呈现出显著的正相关关系。
