Klein Robert R, Miller Frederick R, Dugas Diana V, Brown Patrick J, Burrell A Millie, Klein Patricia E
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2015 Sep;128(9):1669-83. doi: 10.1007/s00122-015-2523-z. Epub 2015 May 16.
Allele phylogenetic analysis of the sorghum flowering-time gene PRR37 provided new insight into the human-mediated selection of a key adaptive gene that occurred during sorghum's diversification and worldwide dispersal. The domestication and spread of the tropical cereal sorghum is associated with the historic movement of humans. We show that an allelic series at PRR37 (pseudo-response regulator 37), a circadian clock-associated transcription factor, was selected in long-day ecosystems worldwide to permit floral initiation and grain production. We identified a series of loss-of-function (photoperiod-insensitive) alleles encoding truncated PRR37 proteins, alleles with key amino acid substitutions in the pseudo-receiver domain, and a novel splice variant in which the pseudo-receiver domain is truncated. Each PRR37 allelic variant was traced to a specific geographic location or specialized agronomic type. We present a graphical model that shows evidence of human selection and gene flow of the PRR37 allelic variants during the global dispersal and agronomic diversification of sorghum. With the recent identification of the Ghd7 gene as an important regulator of flowering date in sorghum, we briefly examine whether loss-of-function Ghd7 allelic variants were selected prior to the human-mediated movement of sorghum from its equatorial center of origin to temperate climates worldwide.
高粱开花时间基因PRR37的等位基因系统发育分析为人类介导的关键适应性基因选择提供了新的见解，这种选择发生在高粱的多样化和全球传播过程中。热带谷物高粱的驯化和传播与人类的历史迁移有关。我们发现，在全球的长日照生态系统中，与生物钟相关的转录因子PRR37（伪反应调节因子37）的一系列等位基因被选择，以促进开花和谷物生产。我们鉴定出一系列编码截短PRR37蛋白的功能丧失（光周期不敏感）等位基因、在伪受体结构域中有关键氨基酸替换的等位基因，以及一种伪受体结构域被截短的新型剪接变体。每个PRR37等位基因变体都可追溯到特定的地理位置或特殊的农艺类型。我们提出了一个图形模型，显示了在高粱的全球传播和农艺多样化过程中PRR37等位基因变体的人类选择和基因流动的证据。随着最近Ghd7基因被鉴定为高粱开花日期的重要调节因子，我们简要研究了功能丧失的Ghd7等位基因变体是否在人类介导的高粱从其赤道起源中心向全球温带气候地区迁移之前就已被选择。
