Waszak Małgorzata, Cieślik Krystyna, Skrzypczak-Zielińska Marzena, Szalata Marlena, Wielgus Karolina, Kempiak Joanna, Bręborowicz Grzegorz, Słomski Ryszard
Department of Functional Anatomy, University School of Physical Education in Poznań, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Functional Anatomy, University School of Physical Education in Poznań, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Homo. 2015 Aug;66(4):332-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
The aim of this study was to establish estimates for heritability of somatic traits determined perinatally with the twin method. The studied material, including 1263 twin pairs live-born at various stages of prenatal life, i.e. between the 22nd and 41st week of gestation, was collected at the Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, between 2002 and 2009. The zygosity of 821 pairs of same-sex twins was determined at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics in Poznań using analysis of single and multiple nucleotide polymorphisms. The proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genetic variability was determined using heritability indices based on intrapair variances and correlations. Analysis of these indices revealed that genetic variability predominated over environmental variability in determining the phenotypic variance of all studied traits. Heritability was the highest for body weight and shoulder width. The high values of heritability coefficients documented in our study were to a certain extent associated with an inconsistency of the assumption on the additive effect of genetic and environmental effects. While analyzing the phenotypic variance of a trait, the role of genotype-environment interactions and covariance cannot be ignored, as these are their effects which increase the genetic variance and related coefficients of heritability. Therefore, it can be concluded that the genotypic component of the phenotypic variance of the trait is enhanced by the effects of various environmental factors.
本研究的目的是采用双生子法对围产期确定的躯体性状遗传力进行估计。研究材料包括1263对在产前不同阶段即妊娠第22至41周活产的双生子，于2002年至2009年在波兹南医科大学围产医学与妇科收集。在波兹南的分子遗传学实验室，通过单核苷酸多态性和多核苷酸多态性分析确定了821对同性双生子的合子性。基于双生子对内方差和相关性的遗传力指数，确定了由遗传变异解释的表型方差比例。对这些指数的分析表明，在决定所有研究性状的表型方差时，遗传变异比环境变异占主导地位。体重和肩宽的遗传力最高。我们研究中记录的高遗传力系数值在一定程度上与遗传和环境效应加性作用假设的不一致有关。在分析一个性状的表型方差时，基因型 - 环境相互作用和协方差的作用不能被忽视，因为正是它们的作用增加了遗传方差和相关的遗传力系数。因此，可以得出结论，该性状表型方差的基因型成分因各种环境因素的作用而增强。
