肾脏生长与肥大：mTOR和囊泡运输的作用
Kidney growth and hypertrophy: the role of mTOR and vesicle trafficking.
作者信息
Al-Awqati Qais
出版信息
J Clin Invest. 2015 Jun;125(6):2267-70. doi: 10.1172/JCI81508. Epub 2015 May 18.
Abstract
The kidney, like other organs, grows in constant proportion to the rest of the body. When one kidney is removed, the remaining one hypertrophies. In a comprehensive series of studies, Chen et al. show that growth during maturation is mediated by the mTORC1 signaling pathway, which is induced by EGF-like peptides, and requires PI3K, PDK, AKT, mTORC2, and activation of mTORC1 through the combined effects of TSC and RHEB as part of a multiprotein complex localized on lysosomes. However, compensatory growth is mediated by amino acids, which act on mTORC1 independently of the previous pathway, and requires a class III PI3K (VPS34) that is known to be involved in vesicle trafficking to the lysosomes.
摘要
肾脏与其他器官一样，其生长与身体其他部分保持恒定比例。当一侧肾脏被切除时，剩余的肾脏会肥大。在一系列全面的研究中，Chen等人表明，成熟过程中的生长由mTORC1信号通路介导，该通路由表皮生长因子样肽诱导，并且需要磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）、丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶（PDK）、蛋白激酶B（AKT）、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物2（mTORC2），以及通过结节性硬化复合物（TSC）和小G蛋白RHEB的联合作用激活mTORC1，这些是位于溶酶体上的多蛋白复合物的一部分。然而，代偿性生长由氨基酸介导，氨基酸独立于先前的通路作用于mTORC1，并且需要一种已知参与囊泡运输至溶酶体的III类PI3K（VPS34）。
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