Freed Jenny, Adams Catherine, Lockton Elaine
School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Ellen Wilkinson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
Res Dev Disabil. 2015 Jun-Jul;41-42:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.03.003. Epub 2015 May 14.
Children who have pragmatic language impairment (CwPLI) have difficulties with the use of language in social contexts and show impairments in above-sentence level language tasks. Previous studies have found that typically developing children's reading comprehension (RC) is predicted by reading accuracy and spoken sentence level comprehension (SLC). This study explores the predictive ability of these factors and above-sentence level comprehension (ASLC) on RC skills in a group of CwPLI.
Sixty nine primary school-aged CwPLI completed a measure of RC along with measures of reading accuracy, spoken SLC and both visual (pictorially presented) and spoken ASLC tasks.
Regression analyses showed that reading accuracy was the strongest predictor of RC. Visual ASLC did not explain unique variance in RC on top of spoken SLC. In contrast, a measure of spoken ASLC explained unique variance in RC, independent from that explained by spoken SLC. A regression model with nonverbal intelligence, reading accuracy, spoken SLC and spoken ASLC as predictors explained 74.2% of the variance in RC.
Findings suggest that spoken ASLC may measure additional factors that are important for RC success in CwPLI and should be included in routine assessments for language and literacy learning in this group.
患有语用语言障碍的儿童（CwPLI）在社交情境中使用语言存在困难，并且在句子以上水平的语言任务中表现出障碍。先前的研究发现，正常发育儿童的阅读理解（RC）可由阅读准确性和口语句子水平理解（SLC）预测。本研究探讨了这些因素以及句子以上水平理解（ASLC）对一组CwPLI儿童阅读理解技能的预测能力。
69名小学年龄段的CwPLI儿童完成了一项阅读理解测试，以及阅读准确性、口语SLC以及视觉（以图片呈现）和口语ASLC任务的测试。
回归分析表明，阅读准确性是阅读理解最强的预测因素。视觉ASLC在口语SLC之外并未解释阅读理解中的独特方差。相比之下，一项口语ASLC测试解释了阅读理解中的独特方差，独立于口语SLC所解释的方差。以非言语智力、阅读准确性、口语SLC和口语ASLC作为预测因素的回归模型解释了阅读理解中方差的74.2%。
研究结果表明，口语ASLC可能衡量了对CwPLI儿童阅读理解成功至关重要的其他因素，应纳入该群体语言和读写学习的常规评估中。
