Cheng Shuai, Zhang Shu-qing
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2015 Jan;26(1):321-30.
With the development of the society and economy, as well as the rapid increase of population, more and more water is needed by human, which intensified the shortage of water resources. The scarcity of water resources and growing competition of water in different water use sectors reduce water availability for irrigation, so it is significant to plan and manage irrigation water resources scientifically and reasonably for improving water use efficiency (WUE) and ensuring food security. Many investigations indicate that WUE can be increased by optimization of water use. However, present studies focused primarily on a particular aspect or scale, which lack systematic analysis on the problem of irrigation water allocation. By summarizing previous related studies, especially those based on intelligent algorithms, this article proposed a multi-level, multi-scale framework for allocating irrigation water, and illustrated the basic theory of each component of the framework. Systematical strategy of optimal irrigation water allocation can not only control the total volume of irrigation water on the time scale, but also reduce water loss on the spatial scale. It could provide scientific basis and technical support for improving the irrigation water management level and ensuring the food security.
随着社会经济的发展以及人口的快速增长，人类对水的需求越来越大，这加剧了水资源的短缺。水资源的稀缺以及不同用水部门对水的竞争日益激烈，减少了灌溉用水的可获得性，因此科学合理地规划和管理灌溉水资源对于提高用水效率（WUE）和确保粮食安全具有重要意义。许多调查表明，通过优化用水可以提高用水效率。然而，目前的研究主要集中在特定方面或尺度上，缺乏对灌溉水分配问题的系统分析。通过总结以往相关研究，特别是基于智能算法的研究，本文提出了一个多层次、多尺度的灌溉水分配框架，并阐述了该框架各组成部分的基本理论。系统的最优灌溉水分配策略不仅可以在时间尺度上控制灌溉水总量，还可以在空间尺度上减少水的损失。它可为提高灌溉水管理水平和确保粮食安全提供科学依据和技术支持。
