le Roex N, Berrington C M, Hoal E G, van Helden P D
Stellenbosch University, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Stellenbosch University, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Acta Trop. 2015 Sep;149:38-44. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 15.
The high prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in regions of southern African has a negative economic impact on the trade of animals and animal products, represents an ecological threat to biodiversity, and poses a health risk to local communities through the wildlife-cattle-human interface. Test and cull methods may not be logistically feasible in many free-range wildlife systems, and with the presence of co-existing BTB hosts and the limited effectiveness of the BCG vaccine in buffalo, there is a need for alternative methods of BTB management. Selective breeding for increased resistance to BTB in buffalo may be a viable method of BTB management in the future, particularly if genetic information can be incorporated into these schemes. To explore this possibility, we discuss the different strategies that can be employed in selective breeding programmes, and consider the implementation of genetic improvement schemes. We reflect on the suitability of applying this strategy for enhanced BTB resistance in African buffalo, and address the challenges of this approach that must be taken into account. Conclusions and the implications for management are presented.
在非洲南部地区，非洲水牛（非洲野水牛）中牛结核病（BTB）的高流行率对动物及动物产品贸易产生了负面经济影响，对生物多样性构成生态威胁，并通过野生动物-牛-人类界面给当地社区带来健康风险。在许多自由放养的野生动物系统中，检测和扑杀方法在后勤方面可能不可行，而且由于存在共存的牛结核病宿主以及卡介苗在水牛中的有效性有限，因此需要替代的牛结核病管理方法。在水牛中进行选择性育种以提高对牛结核病的抗性可能是未来可行的牛结核病管理方法，特别是如果能够将遗传信息纳入这些计划中。为了探索这种可能性，我们讨论了可用于选择性育种计划的不同策略，并考虑了遗传改良计划的实施。我们思考了将该策略应用于增强非洲水牛对牛结核病抗性的适用性，并探讨了这种方法必须考虑的挑战。最后给出了结论以及对管理的启示。
