Samelli Alessandra Giannella, de Andrade Camila Quintiliano, Pereira Marília Barbieri, Matas Carla Gentile
PhD. Professor in the Department of Physiotherapy, Speech-Language Pathology, & Audiology, Occupational Therapy. School of Medicine. University of São Paulo.
Audiologist.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Apr;17(2):125-30. doi: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000200003.
Few population-based studies have quantified hearing levels in Brazil; additional studies on this subject are needed.
The purpose of this study was to characterize hearing complaints and the audiological profile of the population served by the Clinical Audiology Service of an Academic Health Center in the western region of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2003 and 2008. An additional aim was to check whether there is a positive association between the signs/symptoms and type of hearing loss.
This was a retrospective study of the records of 2,145 patients. The health history, tonal and vocal audiometry, and imitanciometry findings were analyzed.
The mean age of the patients was 20.6 years. The majority of the subjects had normal hearing thresholds, and the prevalence of hearing loss was approximately 35%. As the patient's age increased, the frequency of conductive hearing loss decreased and that of sensorineural hearing loss increased. There was a tendency toward hearing loss worsening with age.
Hearing complaints can predict the type of hearing loss; therefore, they should always be valued because they can be used as a form of screening and thus help to determine the diagnostic hypothesis. This could help to reduce the gap between the patient's perception of the complaints and the audiological assessment and thus improve the prognosis.
在巴西，基于人群的听力水平量化研究较少；需要对此主题进行更多研究。
本研究的目的是描述2003年至2008年期间巴西圣保罗西部地区一家学术健康中心临床听力学服务所服务人群的听力主诉和听力学特征。另一个目的是检查听力损失的体征/症状与类型之间是否存在正相关。
这是一项对2145例患者记录的回顾性研究。分析了健康史、纯音和声导抗测听结果。
患者的平均年龄为20.6岁。大多数受试者听力阈值正常，听力损失患病率约为35%。随着患者年龄的增加，传导性听力损失的频率降低，感音神经性听力损失的频率增加。听力损失有随年龄加重的趋势。
听力主诉可以预测听力损失的类型；因此，应始终重视听力主诉，因为它们可作为一种筛查形式，有助于确定诊断假设。这有助于缩小患者对主诉的感知与听力学评估之间的差距，从而改善预后。
