老年人听力损失：职业噪声暴露史。
Hearing loss in the elderly: History of occupational noise exposure.
作者信息
Meneses-Barriviera Caroline Luiz, Melo Juliana Jandre, Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes
机构信息
Master degree (Rehabilitation Sciences), UEL Universidade Estadual de Londrina Universidade Norte do Paraná UNOPAR).
Master degree (Speech-Language and Hearing Pathology), Pontifícia Universidade Católica PUC/SP (UNOPAR).
出版信息
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Apr;17(2):179-83. doi: 10.7162/S1809-97772013000200010.
INTRODUCTION
Noise exposure is one of the most common health risk factors, and workers are exposed to sound pressure levels capable of producing hearing loss.
AIM
To assess the prevalence of hearing loss in the elderly and its possible association with a history of occupational noise exposure and with sex.
METHODS
A prospective study in subjects aged over 60 years. The subjects underwent anamnesis and audiological assessment. The Mann-Whitney test and multiple logistic regression, with 95% confidence interval and p < 0.05, were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
There were 498 subjects from both sexes, and the median age was 69 years. From the comparison between men and women, we obtained the medium hearing I (500, 1000, and 2000 Hz p = 0.8318) and the mean hearing II (3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz; p < 0.0001). Comparing the thresholds of individuals with and without a history of occupational noise exposure, we obtained the medium hearing I (p = 0.9542) and the mean hearing II (p = 0.0007).
CONCLUSION
There was a statistically significant association between hearing loss at high frequencies and the risk factors being male and occupational noise exposure.
引言
噪声暴露是最常见的健康风险因素之一，工人会接触到能够导致听力损失的声压级。
目的
评估老年人听力损失的患病率及其与职业噪声暴露史和性别的可能关联。
方法
对60岁以上的受试者进行前瞻性研究。受试者接受了问诊和听力评估。采用Mann-Whitney检验和多因素逻辑回归分析，95%置信区间，p<0.05用于统计分析。
结果
共有498名男女受试者，中位年龄为69岁。通过男女比较，我们得出中听力I（500、1000和2000Hz，p=0.8318）和平均听力II（3000、4000和6000Hz；p<0.0001）。比较有和没有职业噪声暴露史的个体的阈值，我们得出中听力I（p=0.9542）和平均听力II（p=0.0007）。
结论
高频听力损失与男性和职业噪声暴露等风险因素之间存在统计学上的显著关联。
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