流动中的问题:监禁、种族与居住流动性
On the move: Incarceration, race, and residential mobility.
作者信息
Warner Cody
机构信息
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Montana State University, P.O. Box 172380, Bozeman, MT 59717-2380, United States.
出版信息
Soc Sci Res. 2015 Jul;52:451-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.03.009. Epub 2015 Mar 28.
The present study examines the relationship between incarceration and post-prison residential mobility. In spite of recent research examining the residential context following incarceration, we know little about if or how incarceration affects individual patterns of residential mobility. This study starts to fill this gap in knowledge by drawing on nationally representative data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79). I find that individuals with a history of incarceration are more likely to move after prison than they are before prison. This relationship holds even after accounting for various time-varying and time-stable sources of spuriousness, including other known correlates of mobility. Additional analyses suggest that this effect is strongest early in the reentry period, and that there exists important racial variation in the relationship between incarceration and mobility. These results imply that, while housing stability is an important feature of successful prisoner reentry, incarceration contributes to larger patterns of residential instability.
本研究考察了监禁与出狱后居住流动性之间的关系。尽管近期有研究探讨了监禁后的居住环境,但我们对监禁是否以及如何影响个人居住流动模式知之甚少。本研究通过利用1979年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY79)中的全国代表性数据,开始填补这一知识空白。我发现有监禁史的人出狱后比入狱前更有可能搬家。即使在考虑了各种随时间变化和时间稳定的虚假因素来源,包括其他已知的流动相关因素之后,这种关系仍然成立。进一步的分析表明,这种影响在重新进入社会的早期最为强烈,而且监禁与流动之间的关系存在重要的种族差异。这些结果意味着,虽然住房稳定是囚犯成功重新融入社会的一个重要特征,但监禁却导致了更大范围的居住不稳定模式。