Hack B J, Ramon S G, Hagen Z A, Theran M E, Burkhardt J D, Gillies G T
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville , USA .
J Med Eng Technol. 2015;39(5):272-80. doi: 10.3109/03091902.2015.1047910. Epub 2015 May 25.
This study investigated the use of direct visualization to enhance minimally invasive epicardial procedures. A commercially available miniature camera was placed in a prototype subxiphoid introducer needle and bench top, in vitro and in vivo tests of system performance were made during simulated and actual attempts at pericardial access and cardio-endoscopy. This system had an unshielded field of view of 100° and a resolution of 220 × 224 pixels. When a sleeve used to maintain depth of field was slid past the distal tip of the camera probe, the field of view would decrease by ≈15° per millimetre of sleeve extension, but without loss of image quality. While tests during in vivo subxiphoid access in a porcine model revealed that the pericardial membrane was difficult to localize, the results also showed excellent resolution of the coronary arteries on the epicardial surface. These findings and potential improvements are discussed in detail.
本研究调查了使用直接可视化技术来增强微创心外膜手术。将一台商用微型摄像头置于一个原型剑突下穿刺针中，并进行了台式、体外和体内测试，在模拟及实际尝试心包穿刺和心脏内窥镜检查期间对系统性能进行评估。该系统的非屏蔽视野为100°，分辨率为220×224像素。当用于保持景深的套管滑过摄像头探头的远端时，视野会随着套管每延伸一毫米而减小约15°，但图像质量不会下降。虽然在猪模型体内剑突下穿刺过程中的测试表明心包膜难以定位，但结果也显示心外膜表面的冠状动脉具有出色的分辨率。将详细讨论这些发现及潜在的改进措施。
