Mohammadi Kalhori Soroush, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Alavi Seyyed Salman, Jannatifard Fereshteh, Sepahbodi Ghazal, Baba Reisi Mohammad, Sajedi Sahar, Farshchi Mojtaba, KhodaKarami Rasul, Hatami Kasvaee Vahid
Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ministry of Education, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2015;10(1):25-31.
Despite the fact that the mobile phone has become a pervasive technology of our time, little research has been done on mobile dependency. Therefore, a valid and reliable instrument, conforming to Iranian culture seems essential. The aim of our study was to validate the Iranian version of MPPUS (Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale).
This was a cross-sectional research, in which data were collected from 600 students studying at Tehran universities. Stratified sampling method was used to collect data. All participants completed Demographic Questionnaire, Cellular Phone Dependency Questionnaire (CPDQ) anonymously. Finally, a clinical interview (based on DSM-IV-TR) was conducted with 100 participants. Data were analyzed using concurrent validity, factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach's'α), split half, test-retest and ROC Curve by SPSS18 Software.
As a result of reliability analysis and factor analysis by principal component and Varimax rotation, we extracted three factors including preoccupation, withdrawal symptoms and overuse of mobile phones in both males and females. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the MPPUS was .91; Cronbach's alpha of the factors was .87, .70, .82 respectively. The test-retest correlation of the MPPUS was .56. The best cut off point for this questionnaire (MPPUS) was 160.
The MPPUS proved to be a reliable questionnaire with adequate factor models to assess the extent of problems caused by the "misuse" of mobile phones in the Iranian society; however, further studies are needed on this topic.
尽管手机已成为我们这个时代普遍存在的技术，但针对手机依赖的研究却很少。因此，一个符合伊朗文化的有效且可靠的工具似乎至关重要。我们研究的目的是验证MPPUS（手机问题使用量表）的伊朗版本。
这是一项横断面研究，从德黑兰各大学的600名学生中收集数据。采用分层抽样方法收集数据。所有参与者匿名完成人口统计学问卷、手机依赖问卷（CPDQ）。最后，对100名参与者进行了临床访谈（基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版）。使用SPSS18软件通过同时效度、因子分析、内部一致性（克朗巴哈α系数）、分半法、重测法和ROC曲线对数据进行分析。
通过主成分分析和方差最大化旋转进行可靠性分析和因子分析，我们在男性和女性中都提取了三个因子，包括专注、戒断症状和手机过度使用。MPPUS的内部一致性（克朗巴哈α系数）为0.91；各因子的克朗巴哈α系数分别为0.87、0.70、0.82。MPPUS的重测相关性为0.56。该问卷（MPPUS）的最佳截断点为160。
MPPUS被证明是一个可靠的问卷，具有足够的因子模型来评估伊朗社会中手机“滥用”所造成问题的程度；然而，关于这个主题还需要进一步的研究。
