Bašić-Jukić Nikolina, Rački Sanjin, Knotek Mladen, Bubić-Filipi Ljubica, Bubić Ivan, Zibar Lada, Kes Petar
Acta Med Croatica. 2014 Apr;68(2):211-4.
The use of generic immunosuppressive drugs may decrease the cost of immunosuppressive medication, although total cost sav- ings are still a matter of debate since patients need close monitoring after conversion from original to the generic formulation. A working group of the Croatian Society of Transplantation was established to develop recommendations on the use of generic immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients based on a review of the available data. Immunosuppressive drugs belong to the 'narrow therapeutic index' drugs, with huge pharmacokinetic variations secondary to the impact of food, other drugs, as well as of kidney and liver function. Failure to maintain an appropriate balance of immunosuppression seriously influences graft and patient survival. Published evidence supporting therapeutic equivalence of generic formulations is scarce or completely lacking. Different generic formulations may expose patients to uncontrolled product switching by pharmacists or general practitioners, which is very dangerous for patients, since generic preparations are not required to demonstrate bioequivalence with each other. The Croatian Society for Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation is not against the use of generic immunosuppressive drugs, but it requires close supervision of nephrologists and respecting the strict rules of their use. More efforts should be invested in education of primary care physicians as well as of patients to be aware of differences between the original and generic, as well as between different generic formulations.
使用非专利免疫抑制药物可能会降低免疫抑制药物的成本,不过由于患者从原研药转换为非专利药后需要密切监测,总成本的节省仍存在争议。克罗地亚移植学会成立了一个工作组,旨在基于对现有数据的审查,制定关于肾移植受者使用非专利免疫抑制药物的建议。免疫抑制药物属于“治疗指数狭窄”的药物,由于食物、其他药物以及肾和肝功能的影响,其药代动力学存在巨大差异。未能维持适当的免疫抑制平衡会严重影响移植物和患者的存活。支持非专利制剂治疗等效性的已发表证据很少或完全缺乏。不同的非专利制剂可能会使患者面临药剂师或全科医生进行的不受控制的产品转换,这对患者非常危险,因为非专利制剂无需相互证明生物等效性。克罗地亚肾脏病、透析和移植学会并不反对使用非专利免疫抑制药物,但它要求肾病学家密切监督并遵守其严格的使用规则。应投入更多努力对初级保健医生以及患者进行教育,使其了解原研药与非专利药之间以及不同非专利制剂之间的差异。