减少钠摄入能否改善普通人群的心血管结局？对当前证据的批判性综述。

Will Sodium Intake Reduction Improve Cardiovascular Outcomes in the General Population? A Critical Review of Current Evidence.

作者信息

Stolarz-Skrzypek Katarzyna, Bednarski Adam, Kawecka-Jaszcz Kalina, Czarnecka Danuta, Staessen Jan A

机构信息

First Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 17, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.

出版信息

Curr Hypertens Rev. 2015;11(1):22-9. doi: 10.2174/1573402111666150530205428.

DOI:10.2174/1573402111666150530205428

PMID:26028239

Abstract

The data associating blood pressure to salt intake in humans comes from randomized clinical trials of interventions on dietary salt intake and population studies. Generally, estimates from meta-analyses are similar to those derived from prospective population studies (1.7 mm Hg change in systolic blood pressure per 100 mmol change in 24-hour urinary sodium). This observation, however, does not translate into a higher risk of incidence rate of hypertension in individuals consuming a highsalt diet. On the other hand, prospective studies relating cardiovascular outcomes to 24-h urinary sodium excretion produced inconsistent conclusions. Thus, available evidence does not support current recommendations of an indiscriminate and generalized reduction of salt intake in the general population.

摘要

将人类血压与盐摄入量相关联的数据来自于饮食盐摄入量干预的随机临床试验和人群研究。一般来说，荟萃分析的估计结果与前瞻性人群研究的结果相似（24小时尿钠每变化100 mmol，收缩压变化1.7 mmHg）。然而，这一观察结果并未转化为高盐饮食个体患高血压发病率的增加。另一方面，将心血管结局与24小时尿钠排泄相关联的前瞻性研究得出了不一致的结论。因此，现有证据不支持目前在普通人群中不加区分地普遍减少盐摄入量的建议。