Zeng Meiying, Cheng Yingsheng, Zhao Binghui
Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
Eur J Radiol. 2015 Aug;84(8):1419-1423. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2015.05.009. Epub 2015 May 14.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney, and is considered to be the reference standard in the evaluation of renal function. There are many ways to test the GFR clinically, such as serum creatinine concentration, blood urea nitrogen and SPECT renography, however, they're all not a good standard to evaluate the early damage of renal function. In recent years, the improvement of MRI hardware and software makes it possible to reveal physiological characteristics such as renal blood flow or GFR by dynamic contrast enhancement magnetic resonance perfusion renography (DEC MRPR). MRPR is a method used to monitor the transit of contrast material, typically a gadolinium chelate, through the renal cortex, the medulla, and the collecting system. This review outlines the basics of DCE MRPR included acquisition of dynamic MR perfusion imaging, calculation of the contrast concentration from signal intensity and compartment models, and some challenges of MRPR method faced in prospective clinical application.
肾小球滤过率（GFR）描述了经肾脏滤过的液体流速，被视为评估肾功能的参考标准。临床上有多种检测GFR的方法，如血清肌酐浓度、血尿素氮和单光子发射计算机断层扫描肾造影术，然而，它们都不是评估肾功能早期损害的良好标准。近年来，磁共振成像（MRI）硬件和软件的改进使得通过动态对比增强磁共振灌注肾造影术（DEC MRPR）揭示诸如肾血流或GFR等生理特征成为可能。MRPR是一种用于监测对比剂（通常是钆螯合物）通过肾皮质、髓质和集合系统的方法。本综述概述了DCE MRPR的基础知识，包括动态磁共振灌注成像的采集、从信号强度计算对比剂浓度以及房室模型，以及MRPR方法在临床应用中面临的一些挑战。
