Mangerona C M B, Garcia F B, Moraes-Souza H
Discipline of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro.
Regional Blood Center of Uberaba, HEMOMINAS Foundation, Uberaba, Brazil.
Transfus Med. 2015 Jun;25(3):189-94. doi: 10.1111/tme.12210. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
The aim of this study is to keep a record of regular human platelet antigens (HPA)-typed blood donors and to compare their allele frequencies with those reported in other populations.
HPA are polymorphisms expressed on platelet membrane glycoproteins. They can generate an immune response leading to platelet alloimmunisation that may show clinical manifestations, such as neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, post-transfusion purpura and platelet refractoriness. Platelet alloimmunisation is not uncommon, therefore, for an optimum management, it is advantageous to establish a panel of typed platelets to help matched platelets selection in HPA-alloimmunised patients transfusion.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-allele-specific primers and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were used to determine the genotypes of HPA-1, -2, -5 and -15 systems of 337 blood donors.
The three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were found in all HPA systems analysed, and the most frequent genotypes were AA for HPA-1, -2 and -5 systems (mean: 0·732) and AB for HPA-15 system (mean: 0·523). Allele frequencies were 0·148, 0·155, 0·140 and 0·430 for HPA-1b, -2b, -5b and -15b, respectively, and they were similar to those found in Caucasian populations, especially for HPA-1. However, the B allele was more frequent in all HPA systems when compared with Amazon Indians, and the frequency of the B allele in our study was higher in HPA-1 and -15 systems and lower in HPA-2 and -5 systems in comparison with sub-Saharan African populations.
A record of HPA-typed donors would enable rapid identification and selection of donors when HPA-compatible platelets are required for transfusion.
本研究旨在记录定期进行人类血小板抗原（HPA）分型的献血者，并将其等位基因频率与其他人群报告的频率进行比较。
HPA是血小板膜糖蛋白上表达的多态性。它们可引发免疫反应，导致血小板同种免疫，可能表现出临床表现，如新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症、输血后紫癜和血小板输注无效。血小板同种免疫并不罕见，因此，为了进行最佳管理，建立一组分型血小板以帮助在HPA同种免疫患者输血中选择匹配的血小板是有利的。
采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）等位基因特异性引物和PCR限制性片段长度多态性方法，确定337名献血者HPA-1、-2、-5和-15系统的基因型。
在所有分析的HPA系统中均发现了三种基因型（AA、AB和BB），HPA-1、-2和-5系统最常见的基因型为AA（平均值：0·732），HPA-15系统为AB（平均值：0·523）。HPA-1b、-2b、-5b和-15b的等位基因频率分别为0·148、0·155、0·140和0·430，与白种人群中发现的频率相似，尤其是HPA-1。然而，与亚马逊印第安人相比，所有HPA系统中的B等位基因频率更高，与撒哈拉以南非洲人群相比，本研究中HPA-1和-15系统中B等位基因的频率更高，而在HPA-2和-5系统中更低。
记录HPA分型的献血者将有助于在需要输注HPA相容血小板时快速识别和选择献血者。
