Ahmed M Nadeem, Vannoy Debby, Frederick Ann, Chang Sandy, Lawler Elisabeth
Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA University of Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA
Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2016 Jan;55(1):19-28. doi: 10.1177/0009922815588822. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
To identify risk factors for antibiotic resistance to Escherichia coli (E. coli) in children with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in emergency room and primary care clinics.
This is a cross-sectional study of children 0 to 18 years of age reported to have E coli-positive UTIs whose medical and laboratory records were systematically reviewed.
Compared with girls, boys were 2.29 times (confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-4.02) more likely to have E coli isolates resistant to ampicillin and 2 times more likely (CI = 1.13-3.62) to have isolates resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). Patients with genitourinary abnormalities were 1.57 times more likely to be resistant to ampicillin (CI = 1.03-2.41) and 1.86 times to TMP/SMX (CI = 1.18-2.94).
Higher rates of ampicillin and TMP/SMX resistant urinary E coli isolates were observed among boys and children with a history of genitourinary abnormality. Age and recent antibiotic prescription are also potential risk factors for resistance.
确定急诊室和基层医疗诊所中患有尿路感染（UTIs）的儿童对大肠杆菌（E. coli）产生抗生素耐药性的危险因素。
这是一项横断面研究，对报告患有大肠杆菌阳性UTIs的0至18岁儿童进行研究，系统回顾其医疗和实验室记录。
与女孩相比，男孩的大肠杆菌分离株对氨苄西林耐药的可能性高2.29倍（置信区间[CI]=1.30 - 4.02），对甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑（TMP/SMX）耐药的可能性高2倍（CI = 1.13 - 3.62）。患有泌尿生殖系统异常的患者对氨苄西林耐药的可能性高1.57倍（CI = 1.03 - 2.41），对TMP/SMX耐药的可能性高1.86倍（CI = 1.18 - 2.94）。
在男孩和有泌尿生殖系统异常病史的儿童中，观察到对氨苄西林和TMP/SMX耐药的尿路大肠杆菌分离株发生率较高。年龄和近期抗生素处方也是耐药的潜在危险因素。
