Cui K, Guo X D, Tu Y, Zhang N F, Ma T, Diao Q Y
Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture/Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2015 Dec;99(6):1065-73. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12334. Epub 2015 Jun 6.
The effect of long-term dietary supplementation with rutin on the lactation performance, ruminal fermentation and metabolism of dairy cows were investigated in this study. Twenty multiparous Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into four groups, and each was offered a basal diet supplemented with 0, 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 mg rutin/kg of diet. The milk yield of the cows receiving 3.0 and 4.5 mg rutin/kg was higher than that of the control group, and the milk yield was increased by 10.06% and 3.37% (p < 0.05). On the basis of that finding, the cows supplemented with 0 or 3.0 mg rutin/kg of diet were used to investigate the effect of rutin supplementation on blood metabolites and hormone levels. Compared with the control group, the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration of the 3.0 mg rutin/kg group is significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In another trial, four adult cows with permanent rumen fistula and duodenal cannulae were attributed in a self-control design to investigate the peak occurrence of rutin and quercetin in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, ruminal fermentation and microbial population in dairy cows. The cows supplemented with 3.0 mg rutin/kg in the diet differed from the control period. Samples of rumen fluid, duodenal fluid and blood were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h after morning feeding. Compared to the control group, the pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration, number and protein content of rumen protozoa and blood urea nitrogen were lower, but the concentration of total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), microbial crude protein (MCP) and serum lysozyme content were higher for the cows fed the rutin diets. The addition of 3.0 mg rutin/kg to diets for a long term tended to increase the milk yield and improve the metabolism and digestibility of the dairy cows.
本研究探讨了长期在日粮中添加芦丁对奶牛泌乳性能、瘤胃发酵及代谢的影响。选取20头经产中国荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为四组，每组奶牛均饲喂基础日粮，并分别添加0、1.5、3.0或4.5 mg/kg日粮的芦丁。添加3.0和4.5 mg/kg芦丁的奶牛产奶量高于对照组，产奶量分别提高了10.06%和3.37%（p<0.05）。基于这一发现，选取添加0或3.0 mg/kg芦丁日粮的奶牛，研究芦丁添加对血液代谢物和激素水平的影响。与对照组相比，添加3.0 mg/kg芦丁组的血清尿素氮（BUN）浓度显著降低（p<0.05）。在另一项试验中，采用自身对照设计，将四头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管和十二指肠套管的成年奶牛用于研究芦丁和槲皮素在奶牛胃肠道不同部位的峰值出现情况、瘤胃发酵及微生物种群。日粮中添加3.0 mg/kg芦丁的奶牛与对照期不同。在晨饲后1、2、3、4、5、6、7和8小时采集瘤胃液、十二指肠液和血液样本。与对照组相比，饲喂芦丁日粮的奶牛瘤胃pH值、氨氮浓度、瘤胃原虫数量和蛋白质含量以及血液尿素氮较低，但总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）、微生物粗蛋白（MCP）浓度和血清溶菌酶含量较高。长期在日粮中添加3.0 mg/kg芦丁倾向于提高奶牛产奶量，并改善其代谢和消化率。
