Département de Médecine Générale, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 27 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 56, boulevard Vincent Auriol, CS 81393, 75646 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 56, boulevard Vincent Auriol, CS 81393, 75646 Paris, France.
Institut de Veille Sanitaire, 12, rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex, France.
J Infect. 2015 Sep;71(3):302-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 Jun 6.
In 2012 and 2013, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in women visiting a general practitioner for a urinary tract infection (UTI) to i) describe the patterns of antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae involved in community-acquired UTIs and ii) identify the factors associated with UTIs due to a multi-drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDREB).
Urine analyses were performed systematically for all adult women presenting with signs of UTI. Characteristics of women with UTI due to MDREB were compared to those with UTI due to non-MDREB. Weighted logistic regressions were performed to adjust for the sampling design of the survey.
Significant factors associated with MDREB included the use of penicillin by the patient in the last three months (OR = 3.1; [1.2-8.0]); having provided accommodation in the previous 12 months to a resident from a country at high risk for drug resistance (OR = 4.0; [1.2-15.1]); and the consumption of raw meat within the previous three months (OR = 0.3; [0.1-0.9]).
In the community, antibiotic use and exposure to a person returning from an area with a high risk of drug resistance are associated with UTIs due to MDREB. The potentially protective role of raw meat consumption warrants further study.
2012 年和 2013 年，对因尿路感染（UTI）就诊于普通科医生的女性进行了横断面调查，旨在：i）描述社区获得性 UTI 中肠杆菌科的抗生素耐药模式；ii）确定与多药耐药肠杆菌科（MDREB）相关的 UTI 相关因素。
对所有出现 UTI 症状的成年女性进行系统的尿液分析。将 MDREB 引起 UTI 的女性的特征与非 MDREB 引起 UTI 的女性的特征进行比较。采用加权逻辑回归对调查的抽样设计进行调整。
与 MDREB 相关的显著因素包括患者在过去三个月内使用青霉素（OR=3.1；[1.2-8.0]）；在过去 12 个月内为来自耐药风险高的国家的居民提供住宿（OR=4.0；[1.2-15.1]）；以及在过去三个月内食用生肉（OR=0.3；[0.1-0.9]）。
在社区中，抗生素的使用和接触来自耐药风险高地区的人都与 MDREB 引起的 UTI 有关。食用生肉的潜在保护作用值得进一步研究。
