Horwath Michael C, Fecher Roger A, Deepe George S
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
Future Microbiol. 2015;10(6):967-75. doi: 10.2217/fmb.15.25.
Histoplasma capsulatum, an environmental fungus, is the most common endemic pulmonary mycosis in the USA. Disease is most frequently observed in immunocompromised patients living in endemic areas. We present the mechanisms of fungal recognition, innate immune response and adaptive immune response that lead to protection or exacerbation of disease. Current understanding of these mechanisms is the result of a continuing dialogue between clinical observations and murine studies. Mice are a powerful model to study the immune response to H. capsulatum alone or in the presence of immunomodulatory drugs. Vigilance for histoplasmosis should be exercised with novel immunosuppressive agents that target the important immune pathways identified here.
荚膜组织胞浆菌是一种环境真菌，是美国最常见的地方性肺真菌病病原体。疾病最常发生在生活在流行地区的免疫功能低下患者中。我们阐述了导致疾病得到保护或加重的真菌识别、固有免疫反应和适应性免疫反应机制。目前对这些机制的理解是临床观察和小鼠研究持续对话的结果。小鼠是一种强大的模型，可用于单独研究对荚膜组织胞浆菌的免疫反应或在存在免疫调节药物的情况下进行研究。对于靶向此处确定的重要免疫途径的新型免疫抑制剂，应警惕组织胞浆菌病。
