Chaubey Gyaneshwer, Kadian Anurag, Bala Saroj, Rao Vadlamudi Raghavendra
Estonian Biocentre, Riia23, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
5 Ror Colony, Behind Sector 7, Karnal, Haryana132001, India.
PLoS One. 2015 Jun 10;10(6):e0127655. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127655. eCollection 2015.
Kol, Bhil and Gond are some of the ancient tribal populations known from the Ramayana, one of the Great epics of India. Though there have been studies about their affinity based on classical and haploid genetic markers, the molecular insights of their relationship with other tribal and caste populations of extant India is expected to give more clarity about the the question of continuity vs. discontinuity. In this study, we scanned >97,000 of single nucleotide polymorphisms among three major ancient tribes mentioned in Ramayana, namely Bhil, Kol and Gond. The results obtained were then compared at inter and intra population levels with neighboring and other world populations. Using various statistical methods, our analysis suggested that the genetic architecture of these tribes (Kol and Gond) was largely similar to their surrounding tribal and caste populations, while Bhil showed closer affinity with Dravidian and Austroasiatic (Munda) speaking tribes. The haplotype based analysis revealed a massive amount of genome sharing among Bhil, Kol, Gond and with other ethnic groups of South Asian descent. On the basis of genetic component sharing among different populations, we anticipate their primary founding over the indigenous Ancestral South Indian (ASI) component has prevailed in the genepool over the last several thousand years.
科尔、比尔和贡德是印度伟大史诗之一《罗摩衍那》中记载的一些古代部落群体。尽管已经有基于经典和单倍体遗传标记对它们的亲缘关系进行的研究，但对它们与现代印度其他部落和种姓群体关系的分子层面洞察，有望更清晰地解答连续性与非连续性的问题。在本研究中，我们扫描了《罗摩衍那》中提到的三个主要古代部落，即比尔、科尔和贡德之间超过97,000个单核苷酸多态性。然后将所得结果在群体间和群体内水平上与邻近及其他世界群体进行比较。通过各种统计方法，我们的分析表明，这些部落（科尔和贡德）的遗传结构在很大程度上与周边部落和种姓群体相似，而比尔与说达罗毗荼语和南亚语系（蒙达语族）的部落表现出更密切的亲缘关系。基于单倍型的分析揭示了比尔、科尔、贡德与其他南亚裔族群之间大量的基因组共享。基于不同群体间遗传成分的共享，我们推测在过去几千年里，它们主要起源于本土的南印度祖先（ASI）成分在基因库中占主导地位。
