Sakurai Takeshi
Nihon Rinsho. 2015 Jun;73(6):1023-30.
Orexin A and orexin B are hypothalamic neuropeptides that were discovered in 1998. Several studies suggested that orexin deficiency causes narcolepsy in humans and other mammalian species, highlighting roles of this hypothalamic neuropeptide in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. The orexin system regulates sleep and wakefulness through interactions with systems that regulate emotion, reward and energy homeostasis. This system regulates sleep and wakefulness to occur at appropriate times that are in accordance with our internal and external environments. Recent findings have brought about the possibility of novel therapies targeting orexin system for sleep disorder including insomnia and narcolepsy-cataplexy. In this review, I will discuss the current understanding of the integrative physiology and clinical perspectives of the orexin system.
食欲素A和食欲素B是1998年发现的下丘脑神经肽。多项研究表明，食欲素缺乏会导致人类和其他哺乳动物出现发作性睡病，这突出了这种下丘脑神经肽在调节睡眠和觉醒方面的作用。食欲素系统通过与调节情绪、奖赏和能量稳态的系统相互作用来调节睡眠和觉醒。该系统调节睡眠和觉醒在与我们的内部和外部环境相适应的适当时间发生。最近的研究结果带来了针对包括失眠和发作性睡病 - 猝倒症在内的睡眠障碍的新型食欲素系统疗法的可能性。在这篇综述中，我将讨论对食欲素系统的综合生理学和临床观点的当前理解。
