Transfer of innovation for advancement in dentistry: a case study on pit and fissure sealants' use in Japan.

The implementation of scientific innovations is most important in advancing both dental care systems and dental science. However, scientific knowledge in dentistry is not always well implemented. In this paper the phases of development, diffusion, adoption and utilization of sealants are examined as one example of the way in which a relatively new innovation still needs more effort to ensure its wider use. Discussions with a dental manufacturer on the development of sealant materials and an investigation into the adoption of sealants in the national health insurance system of Japan were undertaken. Questionnaires regarding the education on sealants offered in dental schools and dental hygienist schools, and questionnaires to dental practitioners concerning their use of sealants, were used and analysed. The analysis of the various factors showed that the transfer of knowledge through the educational system is the most significant step in the uptake of innovations. Legality, insurance coverage and patient acceptance are significantly associated with the phase of adoption. A model of transfer pathways for new dental innovations is proposed.