儿童尿路感染：复发性感染
Urinary tract infection in children: recurrent infections.
作者信息
Larcombe James
机构信息
Durham, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Jun 12;2015:0306.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Up to 11% of girls and 7% of boys will have had a urinary tract infection (UTI) by the age of 16 years, and recurrence of infection is common. Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is identified in up to 40% of children being investigated for a first UTI, and is a risk factor for, but weak predictor of, renal parenchymal defects.
METHODS AND OUTCOMES
We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection in children? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to December 2013 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review).
RESULTS
We found three studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following intervention: prophylactic antibiotics.
摘要
引言
到16岁时，高达11%的女孩和7%的男孩会发生尿路感染（UTI），且感染复发很常见。在因首次UTI接受检查的儿童中，高达40%被发现存在膀胱输尿管反流（VUR），它是肾实质缺损的一个危险因素，但预测能力较弱。
方法与结果
我们进行了一项系统评价，旨在回答以下临床问题：预防性使用抗生素对预防儿童复发性尿路感染有何效果？我们检索了：截至2013年12月的医学期刊数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、考克兰图书馆及其他重要数据库（《临床证据》综述会定期更新；请查看我们的网站获取本综述的最新版本）。
结果
我们找到了三项符合纳入标准的研究。我们对干预措施的证据质量进行了GRADE评估。
结论
在本系统评价中，我们提供了有关以下干预措施有效性和安全性的信息：预防性使用抗生素。
相似文献
1
Urinary tract infection in children: recurrent infections.儿童尿路感染：复发性感染
BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Jun 12;2015:0306.
2
Urinary tract infection in children.儿童尿路感染
BMJ Clin Evid. 2010 Feb 9;2010:0306.
3
Urinary tract infection in children.儿童尿路感染
BMJ Clin Evid. 2007 Jul 1;2007:0306.
4
Chinese herbal medicine for treating recurrent urinary tract infections in women.用于治疗女性复发性尿路感染的中草药
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 4;2015(6):CD010446. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010446.pub2.
5
D-mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections.D-甘露糖防治尿路感染。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Aug 30;8(8):CD013608. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013608.pub2.
6
Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children.长期使用抗生素预防儿童复发性尿路感染
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16(3):CD001534. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001534.pub3.
7
Point-of-care tests for urinary tract infections to reduce antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review and conceptual economic model.用于减少抗菌药物耐药性的尿路感染即时检测：一项系统评价和概念性经济模型
Health Technol Assess. 2024 Nov;28(77):1-109. doi: 10.3310/PTMV8524.
8
Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux.原发性膀胱输尿管反流的干预措施。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jun 15(6):CD001532. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001532.pub4.
9
Routine antibiotic prophylaxis after normal vaginal birth for reducing maternal infectious morbidity.正常阴道分娩后进行常规抗生素预防以降低产妇感染发病率。
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Nov 13;11(11):CD012137. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012137.pub2.
引用本文的文献
1
Guidelines for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Children: A Review by the European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases.儿童复杂性尿路感染指南：欧洲儿科传染病学会综述
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2025 Jun 1;44(6):e211-e223. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004790. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
2
Diffusion-weighted MRI in the identification of renal parenchymal involvement in children with a first episode of febrile urinary tract infection.扩散加权磁共振成像在首次发热性尿路感染患儿肾实质受累情况识别中的应用
Front Radiol. 2024 Nov 21;4:1452902. doi: 10.3389/fradi.2024.1452902. eCollection 2024.
3
Clinical characteristics and nomogram model for predicting the risk of recurrence of complicated urinary tract infection in pediatric patients.预测小儿复杂性尿路感染复发风险的临床特征和列线图模型。
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 25;14(1):25393. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76901-0.
4
Insights into Hospitalized Children with Urinary Tract Infections: Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Israel-A Single Center Study.以色列住院儿童尿路感染的研究洞察：单中心研究中的流行病学及抗菌药物耐药模式
Children (Basel). 2024 Sep 20;11(9):1142. doi: 10.3390/children11091142.
5
Impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on urinary tract infection recurrence in children Rapid review.抗生素预防对儿童尿路感染复发的影响 快速综述
Can Urol Assoc J. 2024 Dec;18(12):E387-E396. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.8678.
6
Bacteriuria in Paediatric Oncology Patients: Clinical Features, Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens at University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia over a 4-Year Period.克罗地亚萨格勒布大学医院中心4年期间儿科肿瘤患者的菌尿症：细菌病原体的临床特征、分布及抗菌药物敏感性
Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Jan 25;13(2):118. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13020118.
7
Urinary Tract Infection in Children: A Narrative Review.儿童尿路感染：一篇叙述性综述
Cureus. 2024 Jan 1;16(1):e51469. doi: 10.7759/cureus.51469. eCollection 2024 Jan.
8
Survey of the infant male urobiome and genomic analysis of Actinotignum spp.婴儿男性尿微生物组调查和 Actinotignum 属的基因组分析。
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2023 Dec 1;9(1):91. doi: 10.1038/s41522-023-00457-6.
9
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Children: Guideline and Recommendations from the Emilia-Romagna Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections (UTI-Ped-ER) Study Group.预防儿童尿路感染的抗生素预防措施：来自艾米利亚 - 罗马涅儿童尿路感染（UTI-Ped-ER）研究组的指南与建议
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jun 12;12(6):1040. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12061040.
10
Parental Knowledge and Awareness of Childhood Urinary Tract Infections: A Cross Sectional Survey.父母对儿童尿路感染的认知与意识：一项横断面调查
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2022 Sep 1;16:2423-2430. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S361313. eCollection 2022.
本文引用的文献
1
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for children with vesicoureteral reflux.膀胱输尿管反流患儿的抗菌预防
N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 11;371(11):1072-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1408559.
2
Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in antenatal hydronephrosis.产前肾积水的尿路感染抗生素预防。
Pediatrics. 2013 Jan;131(1):e251-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1870. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
3
Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in children with spina bifida on intermittent catheterization.间歇导尿的脊髓脊膜膨出患儿尿路感染的抗生素预防。
J Urol. 2011 Dec;186(6):2365-70. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.07.108. Epub 2011 Oct 22.
4
Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children.儿童抗生素预防与复发性尿路感染
N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 29;361(18):1748-59. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0902295.
5
Prophylaxis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial.儿童首次发热性尿路感染后的预防措施？一项多中心、随机、对照、非劣效性试验。
Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):1064-71. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3770.
6
Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children with low grade vesicoureteral reflux: results from a prospective randomized study.抗生素预防措施对预防轻度膀胱输尿管反流患儿复发性尿路感染的作用：一项前瞻性随机研究的结果
J Urol. 2008 Feb;179(2):674-9; discussion 679. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.09.090. Epub 2007 Dec 20.
7
Familial vesicoureteral reflux: testing replication of linkage in seven new multigenerational kindreds.家族性膀胱输尿管反流：在七个新的多代家系中进行连锁复制检测。
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Jun;16(6):1781-7. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004121034. Epub 2005 Apr 13.
8
Relationship between acute pyelonephritis, renal scarring, and vesicoureteral reflux. Results of a coordinated research project.急性肾盂肾炎、肾瘢痕形成与膀胱输尿管反流之间的关系。一项协作研究项目的结果。
Pediatr Nephrol. 2004 Oct;19(10):1122-6. doi: 10.1007/s00467-004-1501-5. Epub 2004 Jul 16.
9
Familial vesicoureteral reflux.家族性膀胱输尿管反流
J Urol. 2003 May;169(5):1804-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000058428.00284.d5.
10
Primary vesicoureteric reflux as a predictor of renal damage in children hospitalized with urinary tract infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.原发性膀胱输尿管反流作为尿路感染住院儿童肾损伤的预测指标：一项系统评价和荟萃分析。
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003 Mar;14(3):739-44. doi: 10.1097/01.asn.0000053416.93518.63.
Zotero 插件