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本文引用的文献

1
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for children with vesicoureteral reflux.膀胱输尿管反流患儿的抗菌预防
N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 11;371(11):1072-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1408559.
2
Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in antenatal hydronephrosis.产前肾积水的尿路感染抗生素预防。
Pediatrics. 2013 Jan;131(1):e251-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1870. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
3
Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in children with spina bifida on intermittent catheterization.间歇导尿的脊髓脊膜膨出患儿尿路感染的抗生素预防。
J Urol. 2011 Dec;186(6):2365-70. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.07.108. Epub 2011 Oct 22.
4
Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children.儿童抗生素预防与复发性尿路感染
N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 29;361(18):1748-59. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0902295.
5
Prophylaxis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial.儿童首次发热性尿路感染后的预防措施？一项多中心、随机、对照、非劣效性试验。
Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):1064-71. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-3770.
6
Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children with low grade vesicoureteral reflux: results from a prospective randomized study.抗生素预防措施对预防轻度膀胱输尿管反流患儿复发性尿路感染的作用：一项前瞻性随机研究的结果
J Urol. 2008 Feb;179(2):674-9; discussion 679. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.09.090. Epub 2007 Dec 20.
7
Familial vesicoureteral reflux: testing replication of linkage in seven new multigenerational kindreds.家族性膀胱输尿管反流：在七个新的多代家系中进行连锁复制检测。
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Jun;16(6):1781-7. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004121034. Epub 2005 Apr 13.
8
Relationship between acute pyelonephritis, renal scarring, and vesicoureteral reflux. Results of a coordinated research project.急性肾盂肾炎、肾瘢痕形成与膀胱输尿管反流之间的关系。一项协作研究项目的结果。
Pediatr Nephrol. 2004 Oct;19(10):1122-6. doi: 10.1007/s00467-004-1501-5. Epub 2004 Jul 16.
9
Familial vesicoureteral reflux.家族性膀胱输尿管反流
J Urol. 2003 May;169(5):1804-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000058428.00284.d5.
10
Primary vesicoureteric reflux as a predictor of renal damage in children hospitalized with urinary tract infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.原发性膀胱输尿管反流作为尿路感染住院儿童肾损伤的预测指标：一项系统评价和荟萃分析。
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儿童尿路感染：复发性感染

Urinary tract infection in children: recurrent infections.

作者信息

Larcombe James

机构信息

Durham, UK.

出版信息

BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Jun 12;2015:0306.

PMID:26067232
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4463760/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Up to 11% of girls and 7% of boys will have had a urinary tract infection (UTI) by the age of 16 years, and recurrence of infection is common. Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is identified in up to 40% of children being investigated for a first UTI, and is a risk factor for, but weak predictor of, renal parenchymal defects.

METHODS AND OUTCOMES

We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection in children? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to December 2013 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review).

RESULTS

We found three studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following intervention: prophylactic antibiotics.

摘要

引言

到16岁时，高达11%的女孩和7%的男孩会发生尿路感染（UTI），且感染复发很常见。在因首次UTI接受检查的儿童中，高达40%被发现存在膀胱输尿管反流（VUR），它是肾实质缺损的一个危险因素，但预测能力较弱。

方法与结果

我们进行了一项系统评价，旨在回答以下临床问题：预防性使用抗生素对预防儿童复发性尿路感染有何效果？我们检索了：截至2013年12月的医学期刊数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、考克兰图书馆及其他重要数据库（《临床证据》综述会定期更新；请查看我们的网站获取本综述的最新版本）。

结果

我们找到了三项符合纳入标准的研究。我们对干预措施的证据质量进行了GRADE评估。

结论

在本系统评价中，我们提供了有关以下干预措施有效性和安全性的信息：预防性使用抗生素。