Gagliardi Bryant S, Long Sara M, Pettigrove Vincent J, Hoffmann Ary A
Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management (CAPIM), BioSciences 4, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia,
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2015 Sep;95(3):350-6. doi: 10.1007/s00128-015-1578-5. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
Chironomids from the genus Chironomus are widely used in laboratory ecotoxicology, but are prone to inbreeding depression, which can compromise test results. The standard Chironomus test species (C. riparius, C. dilutus and C. yoshimatsui) are also not cosmopolitan, making it difficult to compare results between geographic regions. In contrast, the chironomid Paratanytarsus grimmii is cosmopolitan, and not susceptible to inbreeding depression because it reproduces asexually by apomictic parthenogenesis. However, there is no standardised culturing methodology for P. grimmii, and a lack of acute toxicity data for common pollutants (metals and pesticides). In this study, we developed a reliable culturing methodology for P. grimmii. We also determined 24-h first instar LC50s for the metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and the insecticide imidacloprid. By developing this culturing methodology and generating the first acute metal and imidacloprid LC50s for P. grimmii, we provide a basis for using P. grimmii in routine ecotoxicological testing.
摇蚊属的摇蚊在实验室生态毒理学中被广泛使用，但容易出现近亲繁殖衰退，这可能会影响测试结果。标准的摇蚊测试物种（红裸须摇蚊、稀释摇蚊和吉松摇蚊）也并非世界性分布，这使得不同地理区域之间的结果比较变得困难。相比之下，摇蚊类的格林副长足摇蚊分布广泛，且不易受到近亲繁殖衰退的影响，因为它通过无融合孤雌生殖进行无性繁殖。然而，对于格林副长足摇蚊，目前没有标准化的培养方法，而且缺乏常见污染物（金属和农药）的急性毒性数据。在本研究中，我们开发了一种可靠的格林副长足摇蚊培养方法。我们还测定了金属铜、铅、锌、镉以及杀虫剂吡虫啉对一龄幼虫的24小时半数致死浓度（LC50）。通过开发这种培养方法并生成格林副长足摇蚊的首批急性金属和吡虫啉LC50数据，我们为在常规生态毒理学测试中使用格林副长足摇蚊提供了依据。
