Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Gothenburg Medical Center, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Cartilage. 2012 Jan;3(1 Suppl):31S-6S. doi: 10.1177/1947603511406532.
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) continues to technically evolve, but how the technical innovations affect the ability to participate in high-impact sports such as football is unknown.
Clinical studies describing athletes treated with first-, second-, or third-generation ACI techniques were reviewed. The technical developments of ACI were evaluated, and the results in athletes and specifically football (soccer) players were analyzed.
Football players reported 72% good to excellent results with significant overall improvement of knee function and activity scores. Return to football was 83% in competitive players but lower in recreational players. Eighty percent of players returned to the same competitive level after ACI, and 87% to 100% maintained their ability to play sports at 5 years postoperatively. Return to sport was better for younger, competitive players with shorter intervals between injury and ACI. New developments of the surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation were able to reduce the limitations associated with first-generation ACI including invasiveness, graft hypertrophy, and particularly long postoperative rehabilitation. This allowed for faster return to sports like football without compromising the ability for continued competition over time.
Articular cartilage repair in football players often allows for successful return to this high-impact sport with excellent durability. The continued evolution of this technique has improved initial shortcomings with important implications for both the professional and recreational athlete.
自体软骨细胞移植（ACI）技术不断发展，但技术创新如何影响参与足球等高强度运动的能力尚不清楚。
回顾了描述接受第一代、第二代或第三代 ACI 技术治疗的运动员的临床研究。评估了 ACI 的技术进展，并分析了运动员特别是足球（足球）运动员的结果。
足球运动员报告 72%的结果为良好至优秀，膝关节功能和活动评分有显著整体改善。在竞技运动员中，有 83%的运动员重返赛场，但在娱乐运动员中，这一比例较低。80%的运动员在 ACI 后恢复到相同的竞技水平，87%至 100%在术后 5 年内保持运动能力。对于年轻、竞技性更强、受伤与 ACI 间隔时间更短的运动员来说，重返运动的效果更好。手术技术和术后康复的新进展能够减少第一代 ACI 相关的限制，包括侵袭性、移植物肥大，特别是术后康复时间长。这使得运动员能够更快地重返足球等运动，而不会影响他们随着时间的推移继续比赛的能力。
在足球运动员中进行关节软骨修复通常可以成功地重返这项高强度运动，并且具有出色的耐久性。该技术的持续发展改进了最初的缺点，对职业和业余运动员都有重要意义。
