Hillyard Steven A, Störmer Viola S, Feng Wenfeng, Martinez Antigona, McDonald John J
Department of Neuroscience, University of California at San Diego, USA.
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2016 Mar;83:170-178. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
This article reviews a series of experiments that combined behavioral and electrophysiological recording techniques to explore the hypothesis that salient sounds attract attention automatically and facilitate the processing of visual stimuli at the sound's location. This cross-modal capture of visual attention was found to occur even when the attracting sound was irrelevant to the ongoing task and was non-predictive of subsequent events. A slow positive component in the event-related potential (ERP) that was localized to the visual cortex was found to be closely coupled with the orienting of visual attention to a sound's location. This neural sign of visual cortex activation was predictive of enhanced perceptual processing and was paralleled by a desynchronization (blocking) of the ongoing occipital alpha rhythm. Further research is needed to determine the nature of the relationship between the slow positive ERP evoked by the sound and the alpha desynchronization and to understand how these electrophysiological processes contribute to improved visual-perceptual processing.
本文回顾了一系列实验，这些实验结合了行为学和电生理记录技术，以探究以下假设：显著声音会自动吸引注意力，并促进对声音位置处视觉刺激的处理。即使吸引声音与正在进行的任务无关且对后续事件无预测性，也发现了这种视觉注意力的跨模态捕获。在事件相关电位（ERP）中，一个定位于视觉皮层的缓慢正波成分被发现与视觉注意力定向到声音位置密切相关。这种视觉皮层激活的神经信号预示着感知处理的增强，并且与正在进行的枕叶阿尔法节律的去同步化（阻断）同时出现。需要进一步的研究来确定声音诱发的缓慢正波ERP与阿尔法去同步化之间关系的本质，并了解这些电生理过程如何有助于改善视觉感知处理。
