胰岛素撤除的链脲佐菌素处理糖尿病大鼠中血管加压素分泌的渗透调节

Charlton J A, Thompson C J, Palmer J M, Thornton S, Baylis P H

Department of Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

J Endocrinol. 1989 Dec;123(3):413-9. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1230413.

To investigate whether hyperglycaemic ketoacidotic diabetic rats continue to osmoregulate the secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP), male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin (150 mg/kg body weight). Rats rendered diabetic were maintained on protamine-zinc insulin (PZI) for 11 days (insulin-treated rats; n = 35), after which PZI was withdrawn for 72 h in half the rats (insulin-withdrawn rats). Insulin-withdrawn and -treated rats were divided into two groups; one was injected i.p. with distilled water (20 ml/kg) and the other with hypertonic saline (500 mmol NaCl/l; 20 ml/kg), and killed 30 min after injection. Insulin-withdrawn rats (water loaded and osmotically stimulated) were hyperglycaemic (16.5 +/- 0.8 and 16.5 +/- 0.9 mmol glucose/l respectively) and ketotic (2077 +/- 664 and 1474 +/- 170 mumol acetoacetate/l respectively). Insulin-treated rats were euglycaemic and non-ketotic. Osmotic manipulation caused similar changes in plasma sodium in both insulin-withdrawn and -treated rats. Plasma AVP was low in the water-loaded rats (0.6 +/- 0.1 and 4.5 +/- 0.9 pmol/l in the insulin-treated and -withdrawn rats respectively) and increased in rats injected with hypertonic saline (1.2 +/- 1.8 and 35.2 +/- 17.9 pmol/l respectively). There was no evidence of hypotension and hypovolaemia in any group of rats. Linear regression analysis defined the functions: plasma AVP = 2.56 (plasma Na-141), r = +0.63, P less than 0.01 for hyperglycaemic ketotic rats; plasma AVP = 0.83 (plasma Na-146), r = +0.78, P less than 0.001 for insulin-treated animals. The slopes and abscissal intercepts were significantly (P less than 0.05) different.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

为研究高血糖酮症糖尿病大鼠是否继续对精氨酸加压素（AVP）分泌进行渗透调节，给雄性Wistar大鼠注射链脲佐菌素（150mg/kg体重）。使大鼠患糖尿病后，用精蛋白锌胰岛素（PZI）维持11天（胰岛素治疗组大鼠；n = 35），之后半数大鼠停用PZI 72小时（胰岛素撤用组大鼠）。胰岛素撤用组和治疗组大鼠分为两组；一组腹腔注射蒸馏水（20ml/kg），另一组注射高渗盐水（500mmol NaCl/L；20ml/kg），注射后30分钟处死。胰岛素撤用组大鼠（水负荷和渗透刺激）血糖高（分别为16.5±0.8和16.5±0.9mmol葡萄糖/L）且有酮症（分别为2077±664和1474±170μmol乙酰乙酸/L）。胰岛素治疗组大鼠血糖正常且无酮症。渗透操作在胰岛素撤用组和治疗组大鼠中引起相似的血浆钠变化。水负荷组大鼠血浆AVP低（胰岛素治疗组和撤用组分别为0.6±0.1和4.5±0.9pmol/L），注射高渗盐水的大鼠血浆AVP升高（分别为1.2±1.8和35.2±17.9pmol/L）。任何一组大鼠均无低血压和低血容量的证据。线性回归分析确定函数：高血糖酮症大鼠血浆AVP = 2.56（血浆钠 - 141），r = +0.63，P<0.01；胰岛素治疗动物血浆AVP = 0.83（血浆钠 - 146），r = +0.78，P<0.001。斜率和横坐标截距有显著差异（P<0.05）。（摘要截短至250字）