Amesberger G, Müller E, Würth S
Department of Sport Science & Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015 Aug;25 Suppl 2:82-9. doi: 10.1111/sms.12454.
Physical self-concept in the elderly is assumed to be structured in terms of different domains and to contribute substantially to life satisfaction. However, little is known about the role of the physical self-concept in older persons that are engaged in physical activity while suffering from typical age-related impairments or chronic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the structure of physical self-concept in a group of older persons with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), its development throughout a 12-week skiing intervention, and its importance to life satisfaction. Factor analyses of the present data reveal that the physical self-concept consists of four dimensions addressing strength, flexibility/coordination, endurance, and sportiness. One higher order factor extracted by hierarchical factor analyses reflects a global physical self-concept. The 12-week skiing intervention had no substantial impact in terms of an improvement of self-concept. Life satisfaction is best predicted by positive changes in the subjective ratings between pre- and post-test (i.e., global physical self-concept, flexibility and coordination, and perceived sportiness) and not by objective physical performance (isokinetic strength, endurance, or coordination). Results support the assumption that physical self-concept of older people with TKA is only marginally sensitive to a 12-week skiing intervention.
老年人的身体自我概念被认为是按照不同领域构建的，并且对生活满意度有很大贡献。然而，对于在患有典型的与年龄相关的功能障碍或慢性疾病的情况下仍进行体育活动的老年人，身体自我概念的作用却知之甚少。本研究旨在调查一组接受全膝关节置换术（TKA）的老年人的身体自我概念结构、在为期12周的滑雪干预过程中的发展情况以及它对生活满意度的重要性。对当前数据的因子分析表明，身体自我概念由涉及力量、灵活性/协调性、耐力和运动性的四个维度组成。通过层次因子分析提取的一个高阶因子反映了一个整体的身体自我概念。为期12周的滑雪干预在改善自我概念方面没有产生实质性影响。生活满意度最好由测试前和测试后主观评分的积极变化（即整体身体自我概念、灵活性和协调性以及感知到的运动性）来预测，而不是由客观身体表现（等速肌力、耐力或协调性）来预测。结果支持这样一种假设，即接受TKA的老年人的身体自我概念对为期12周的滑雪干预仅具有微弱的敏感性。
