Woma T Y, Adombi C M, Yu D, Qasim A M M, Sabi A A, Maurice N A, Olaiya O D, Loitsch A, Bailey D, Shamaki D, Dundon W G, Quan M
Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Morbilliviruses Research Laboratory, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016 Jun;63(3):235-42. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12387. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
Peste-des-petits-ruminants (PPR), a major small ruminant transboundary animal disease, is endemic in Nigeria. Strains of the causal agent, peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV), have been differentiated into four genetically distinct lineages based on the partial sequence of the virus nucleoprotein (N) or fusion (F) genes. Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus strains that were identified initially in Africa were grouped into lineages I, II and III and viruses from Asia were classified as lineage IV and referred to as the Asian lineage. Many recent reports indicate that the Asian lineage is now also present in Africa. With this in mind, this study was conducted to reassess the epidemiology of PPRV in Nigeria. A total of 140 clinical samples from 16 sheep and 63 goats with symptoms suggestive of PPR were collected from different states of Nigeria during a four-year period (2010-2013). They were analysed by the amplification of fragments of the N gene. Results for 33 (42%) animals were positive. The phylogenetic analysis of the N gene sequences with those available in GenBank showed that viruses that were detected belong to both lineage II and IV. Based on an analysis of the N gene sequences, the lineage IV isolates grouped into two clades, one being predominant in the north-eastern part of the country and the other found primarily in the southern regions of the country. This study reports the presence of PPRV Asian lineage IV in Nigeria for the first time.
小反刍兽疫（PPR）是一种主要的小反刍兽类跨界动物疾病，在尼日利亚呈地方性流行。根据病毒核蛋白（N）或融合蛋白（F）基因的部分序列，致病因子小反刍兽疫病毒（PPRV）的毒株已被分为四个基因不同的谱系。最初在非洲鉴定出的小反刍兽疫病毒毒株被归为谱系I、II和III，来自亚洲的病毒被归类为谱系IV，称为亚洲谱系。最近的许多报告表明，亚洲谱系现在在非洲也有出现。考虑到这一点，本研究旨在重新评估尼日利亚PPRV的流行病学情况。在四年期间（2010 - 2013年），从尼日利亚不同州收集了总共140份临床样本，这些样本来自16只绵羊和63只山羊，它们具有提示PPR的症状。通过扩增N基因片段对其进行分析。33只（42%）动物的检测结果呈阳性。对N基因序列与GenBank中可用序列进行系统发育分析表明，检测到的病毒属于谱系II和IV。基于对N基因序列的分析，谱系IV分离株分为两个进化枝，一个在该国东北部占主导地位，另一个主要在该国南部地区发现。本研究首次报告了尼日利亚存在PPRV亚洲谱系IV。
