Knauf Marcus, Köhl Michael, Mues Volker, Olschofsky Konstantin, Frühwald Arno
Knauf Consulting, Dorotheenstrasse 7, Bielefeld, D-33615 Germany.
University of Hamburg (Center for Wood Sciences - World Forestry), Leuschnerstrasse 91, Hamburg,, D-21031 Germany.
Carbon Balance Manag. 2015 Jun 12;10:13. doi: 10.1186/s13021-015-0024-7. eCollection 2015 Dec.
At the 15 Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Copenhagen, 2009, harvested wood products were identified as an additional carbon pool. This modification eliminates inconsistencies in greenhouse gas reporting by recognizing the role of the forest and timber sector in the global carbon cycle. Any additional CO-effects related to wood usage are not considered by this modification. This results in a downward bias when the contribution of the forest and timber sector to climate change mitigation is assessed. The following article analyses the overall contribution to climate protection made by the forest management and wood utilization through CO-emissions reduction using an example from the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Based on long term study periods (2011 to 2050 and 2100, respectively). Various alternative scenarios for forest management and wood usage are presented.
In the mid- to long-term (2050 and 2100, respectively) the net climate protection function of scenarios with varying levels of wood usage is higher than in scenarios without any wood usage. This is not observed for all scenarios on short and mid term evaluations. The advantages of wood usage are evident although the simulations resulted in high values for forest storage in the C pools. Even the carbon sink effect due to temporal accumulation of deadwood during the period from 2011 to 2100 is outbalanced by the potential of wood usage effects.
A full assessment of the CO-effects of the forest management requires an assessment of the forest supplemented with an assessment of the effects of wood usage. CO-emission reductions through both fuel and material substitution as well as CO sink in wood products need to be considered. An integrated assessment of the climate protection function based on the analysis of the study's scenarios provides decision parameters for a strategic approach to climate protection with regard to forest management and wood use at regional and national levels. The short-term evaluation of subsystems can be misleading, rendering long-term evaluations (until 2100, or even longer) more effective. This is also consistent with the inherently long-term perspective of forest management decisions and measures.
在2009年于哥本哈根举行的联合国气候变化框架公约第15次缔约方会议上，采伐木质产品被认定为一个额外的碳库。这一修订通过认可森林和木材部门在全球碳循环中的作用，消除了温室气体报告中的不一致性。该修订未考虑与木材使用相关的任何额外二氧化碳效应。这在评估森林和木材部门对缓解气候变化的贡献时会导致向下偏差。以下文章以德国北莱茵 - 威斯特法伦州为例，分析了森林管理和木材利用通过减少二氧化碳排放对气候保护的总体贡献。基于长期研究期（分别为2011年至2050年和2100年）。提出了森林管理和木材使用的各种替代方案。
在中长期（分别为2050年和2100年），不同木材使用水平方案的净气候保护功能高于无木材使用的方案。在短期和中期评估中并非所有方案都是如此。尽管模拟结果显示碳库中的森林储存量很高，但木材使用的优势依然明显。即使在2011年至2100年期间由于枯木的时间积累产生的碳汇效应，也被木材使用效应的潜力所抵消。
对森林管理的二氧化碳效应进行全面评估需要在评估森林的基础上补充对木材使用效应的评估。需要考虑通过燃料和材料替代减少二氧化碳排放以及木制品中的碳汇。基于对研究方案的分析对气候保护功能进行综合评估，为区域和国家层面关于森林管理和木材使用的气候保护战略方法提供决策参数。子系统的短期评估可能会产生误导，使长期评估（直至2100年，甚至更长时间）更有效。这也与森林管理决策和措施固有的长期视角相一致。
