血小板单采术的临床适应证及不良反应

Amanat Samina Tufail, Shakoor Huma Abdul, Raza Masooma, Khan Nadeem, Rauf Abdul

Department of Pathology, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission General Hospital, Islamabad.

Department of Blood Bank, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission General Hospital, Islamabad.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2015 Jun;25(6):403-6.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the clinical indications and adverse reactions of platelet apheresis procedure.

STUDY DESIGN

Cross-sectional, observational study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY

Blood Bank of Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission General Hospital, Islamabad, from January 2010 to December 2014.

METHODOLOGY

Indications and adverse reaction verified for 200 consecutive platelet apheresis donations performed for 125 patients was included in this study. Data was analysed for descriptive variables using SPSS version 16.

RESULTS

Donor deferral rate in the study was 63.83%. All the donors were males (100%) and replacement donors. Most prevalent blood type was B-positive (n=63, 31.5%), followed by O-positive (n=59, 29.5%). Rh negative groups constituted 13.5% (n=27) of all the donors. Average age of platelet apheresis donors was 28.56 ± 5.77 years. Maximum numbers of donors were in age range 20 - 30 years. Average weight of the donors was 73.96 ± 11.96 kg. Mean pre-procedure platelet count of donors was 268,000/µL. The postprocedure average platelet count was approximately 200,000/µL. The mean duration of a platelet apheresis session was 78.27 ± 26.07 minutes. Average volume of the final product was 412.53 ± 45.33 ml. Average volume of anti-coagulant acid citrate dextrose used per procedure was 300 ± 40 ml, 245 ml returned to donor along with returned blood while 55 ml used as anticoagulant in final concentrate. Of total 200, two (1%) final products were contaminated with red cells. Three (1.5%) products were not issued and finally expired. Of the 125 patients for which plateletpheresis procedures were performed, 54 (43.2%) patients were males and 71 (56.8%) were females (M: F=0.76:1). Six donors (3%) had adverse events: three donors (1.5%) had mild reactions, two (1%) moderate reaction, and one donor (0.5%) developing hematoma. None had severe or life-threatening reactions.

CONCLUSION

Plateletpheresis procedure is relatively safe and forms an important adjuvant to blood bank inventory.

目的

确定血小板单采术的临床适应证及不良反应。

研究设计

横断面观察性研究。

研究地点及时间

2010年1月至2014年12月，位于伊斯兰堡的巴基斯坦原子能委员会综合医院血库。

方法

本研究纳入了为125例患者连续进行的200次血小板单采捐献的适应证及不良反应情况。使用SPSS 16版软件对描述性变量进行数据分析。

结果

本研究中献血者延期率为63.83%。所有献血者均为男性（100%）且为替代献血者。最常见的血型为B阳性（n = 63，31.5%），其次是O阳性（n = 59，29.5%）。Rh阴性组占所有献血者的13.5%（n = 27）。血小板单采献血者的平均年龄为28.56±5.77岁。献血者数量最多的年龄范围是20 - 30岁。献血者的平均体重为73.96±11.96 kg。献血者术前平均血小板计数为268,000/µL。术后平均血小板计数约为200,000/µL。一次血小板单采过程的平均持续时间为78.27±26.07分钟。最终产品的平均体积为412.53±45.33 ml。每次操作使用的抗凝剂枸橼酸葡萄糖酸的平均体积为300±40 ml，245 ml随回输血返回给献血者，而55 ml用作最终浓缩物的抗凝剂。在总共200份最终产品中，两份（1%）被红细胞污染。三份（1.5%）产品未发放，最终过期。在接受血小板单采术的125例患者中，54例（43.2%）为男性，71例（56.8%）为女性（男∶女 = 0.76∶1）。6名献血者（3%）出现不良事件：3名献血者（1.5%）出现轻度反应，2名（1%）出现中度反应，1名献血者（0.5%）出现血肿。无人出现严重或危及生命的反应。