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视觉线索对有或无进一步语音退化的时间中断语音自上而下恢复的影响。

The effect of visual cues on top-down restoration of temporally interrupted speech, with and without further degradations.

作者信息

Benard Michel R, Başkent Deniz

机构信息

Pento Audiology Center Zwolle, Oosterlaan 20, 8011 GC Zwolle, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.

University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Hear Res. 2015 Oct;328:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.06.013. Epub 2015 Jun 25.

Abstract

In complex listening situations, cognitive restoration mechanisms are commonly used to enhance perception of degraded speech with inaudible segments. Profoundly hearing-impaired people with a cochlear implant (CI) show less benefit from such mechanisms. However, both normal hearing (NH) listeners and CI users do benefit from visual speech cues in these listening situations. In this study we investigated if an accompanying video of the speaker can enhance the intelligibility of interrupted sentences and the phonemic restoration benefit, measured by an increase in intelligibility when the silent intervals are filled with noise. Similar to previous studies, restoration benefit was observed with interrupted speech without spectral degradations (Experiment 1), but was absent in acoustic simulations of CIs (Experiment 2) and was present again in simulations of electric-acoustic stimulation (Experiment 3). In all experiments, the additional speech information provided by the complementary visual cues lead to overall higher intelligibility, however, these cues did not influence the occurrence or extent of the phonemic restoration benefit of filler noise. Results imply that visual cues do not show a synergistic effect with the filler noise, as adding them equally increased the intelligibility of interrupted sentences with or without the filler noise.

摘要

在复杂的听力情境中,认知恢复机制通常用于增强对包含听不见片段的 degraded speech 的感知。植入人工耳蜗(CI)的重度听力受损者从这些机制中获益较少。然而,在这些听力情境中,正常听力(NH)的听众和 CI 用户都能从视觉言语线索中获益。在本研究中,我们调查了说话者的伴随视频是否能提高被打断句子的可懂度以及音素恢复益处,音素恢复益处通过在静音间隔填充噪声时可懂度的提高来衡量。与之前的研究类似,在没有频谱退化的被打断言语中观察到了恢复益处(实验 1),但在人工耳蜗的声学模拟中未观察到(实验 2),而在电声刺激模拟中又再次出现(实验 3)。在所有实验中,互补视觉线索提供的额外言语信息导致整体可懂度更高,然而,这些线索并未影响填充噪声的音素恢复益处的出现或程度。结果表明,视觉线索与填充噪声未表现出协同效应,因为添加视觉线索同样提高了有或没有填充噪声的被打断句子的可懂度。

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