Huang Feng-Tao, Han Yun-Bin, Feng Yan, Yang Guang-Yu
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
J Lipid Res. 2015 Sep;56(9):1836-42. doi: 10.1194/jlr.D061176. Epub 2015 Jun 30.
Lyso-glycosphingolipids (lyso-GSLs), the N-deacylated forms of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), are important synthetic intermediates for the preparation of GSL analogs. Although lyso-GSLs can be produced by hydrolyzing natural GSLs using sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase (SCDase), the yield for this reaction is usually low because SCDase also catalyzes the reverse reaction, ultimately establishing an equilibrium between hydrolysis and synthesis. In the present study, we developed an efficient method for controlling the reaction equilibrium by introducing divalent metal cation and detergent in the enzymatic reaction system. In the presence of both Ca(2+) and taurodeoxycholate hydrate, the generated fatty acids were precipitated by the formation of insoluble stearate salts and pushing the reaction equilibrium toward hydrolysis. The yield of GM1 hydrolysis can be achieved as high as 96%, with an improvement up to 45% compared with the nonoptimized condition. In preparative scale, 75 mg of lyso-GM1 was obtained from 100 mg of GM1 with a 90% yield, which is the highest reported yield to date. The method can also be used for the efficient hydrolysis of a variety of GSLs and sphingomyelin. Thus, this method should serve as a facile, easily scalable, and general tool for lyso-GSL production to facilitate further GSL research.
溶血糖鞘脂(lyso-GSLs)是糖鞘脂(GSLs)的N-脱酰基形式,是制备GSL类似物的重要合成中间体。虽然溶血糖鞘脂可以通过使用鞘脂神经酰胺N-脱酰基酶(SCDase)水解天然糖鞘脂来产生,但该反应的产率通常较低,因为SCDase也催化逆反应,最终在水解和合成之间建立平衡。在本研究中,我们开发了一种通过在酶促反应体系中引入二价金属阳离子和去污剂来控制反应平衡的有效方法。在Ca(2+)和牛磺脱氧胆酸钠水合物同时存在的情况下,生成的脂肪酸通过形成不溶性硬脂酸盐沉淀,并推动反应平衡向水解方向移动。GM1水解的产率可高达96%,与未优化条件相比提高了45%。在制备规模上,从100mg GM1中获得了75mg溶血GM1,产率为90%,这是迄今为止报道的最高产率。该方法还可用于多种糖鞘脂和鞘磷脂的高效水解。因此,该方法应作为一种简便、易于扩展且通用的工具用于生产溶血糖鞘脂,以促进进一步的糖鞘脂研究。