Śliwiński Bogdan, Brzóska Franciszek, Węglarzy Karol, Szybiński Zbigniew, Kłopotek Eugeniusz
National Research Institute of Animal Production, Kraków, Poland.
Endokrynol Pol. 2015;66(3):244-50. doi: 10.5603/EP.2015.0032.
Milk has been identified as the ideal carrier of iodine in the human diet. The iodine concentration in cow's milk depends on the iodine intake in the animal's daily rations.
The first experiment, which lasted for 90 days, investigated the effectiveness of salt licks containing 0 (control group), 150, and 300 mg I/kg (experimental groups) and the effect on the iodine content of cow's milk and blood plasma. The second experiment determined the effect of udder disinfection and iodine teat dipping with iodine disinfectant (experimental group) compared to chlorine dip (control group) on the iodine content of milk and blood plasma. Milk iodine and blood plasma concentrations were meas- ured using the Sandell-Kolthoff method modified by the Bobek and Kołczak procedure.
Salt licks containing 150 and 300 mg I/kg increased iodine intake by 7.5 and 15.0 mg I/day, respectively. Average iodine intake in the control group was 6.23 mg I/day, and 13.68 and 21.10 mg I/day in the experimental groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in the average cows' milk yield, which averaged 21.0 ± 1.1 kg/day. Average milk iodine content was 53.8 μg/1000 mL (control group), 65.0 and 84.7 μg/1000 mL (experimental groups). Average plasma iodine content tended to increase in the experimental groups, but the differences between the groups were not significant. In the second experiment iodine udder disinfection and teat dipping increased average milk iodine content from 44.0 ± 1.6 to 59.3 ± 2.3 μg/1000 mL. Average plasma iodine content increased only slightly, with a non- significant difference between the control and experimental groups.
The iodine content of salt licks at 150 and 300 mg I/kg makes it possible to obtain from 65 to 85 μg I/1000 mL of cow's milk. Pre-milking udder hygiene and post-milking iodine teat dipping additionally increase the iodine content of milk by around 15 μg I/1000 mL milk, i.e. an increase of 35% in relation to cows from the control group.
牛奶已被确定为人类饮食中碘的理想载体。牛奶中的碘浓度取决于动物日粮中的碘摄入量。
第一个实验持续90天，研究了含碘量为0（对照组）、150和300毫克碘/千克（实验组）的舔盐块的有效性及其对牛奶和血浆碘含量的影响。第二个实验确定了与氯浸浴（对照组）相比，用碘消毒剂进行乳房消毒和乳头浸碘（实验组）对牛奶和血浆碘含量的影响。牛奶碘和血浆浓度采用经博贝克和科尔恰克方法改良的桑德尔-科尔托夫法进行测定。
含150和300毫克碘/千克的舔盐块分别使碘摄入量增加了7.5和15.0毫克碘/天。对照组的平均碘摄入量为6.23毫克碘/天，实验组分别为13.68和21.10毫克碘/天。奶牛的平均日产奶量没有显著差异，平均为21.0±1.1千克/天。牛奶碘的平均含量为53.8微克/1000毫升（对照组），65.0和84.7微克/1000毫升（实验组）。实验组血浆碘的平均含量有增加趋势，但组间差异不显著。在第二个实验中，乳房碘消毒和乳头浸碘使牛奶碘的平均含量从44.0±1.6微克/1000毫升增加到59.3±2.3微克/1000毫升。血浆碘的平均含量仅略有增加，对照组和实验组之间无显著差异。
含碘量为150和300毫克碘/千克的舔盐块能够使每1000毫升牛奶中碘含量达到65至85微克。挤奶前的乳房卫生和挤奶后乳头浸碘可使牛奶碘含量额外增加约15微克碘/1000毫升牛奶，即相对于对照组奶牛，增加了35%。
