Harrison Abigail, Fletcher-Groves Shani, Gordon-Strachan Georgiana, Thame Minerva
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
J Hum Lact. 2016 May;32(2):292-300. doi: 10.1177/0890334415593540. Epub 2015 Jul 2.
Exclusive breastfeeding rates (EBRs) may be influenced by sociodemographic and sociocultural factors, including maternal age, socioeconomic status, education, and breastfeeding knowledge. The EBR in Jamaica has been low and declining, leaving a need for better determination of the specific local contributory factors.
This study aimed to better elucidate the factors that influence mothers exclusively breastfeeding, including antenatal intentions to breastfeed, mothers' knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding, and mothers' infant feeding practices in general, inclusive of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and complementary feeding.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a 52-item interviewer-administered questionnaire with mothers attending their 6-week postnatal clinic visit. Sociodemographic data were collected on all participants as well as data regarding participants' breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Statistical analyses were done using χ(2) tests, t tests, and risk analyses.
Two hundred participants were interviewed; the mean ± SD age of participants was 26.2 ± 6.46 years (range, 15-46 years). The EBR in this study sample was 32%. Sociodemographic factors, including maternal age and socioeconomic status, as well as antenatal and postnatal breastfeeding sessions, did not significantly affect the likelihood of exclusively breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum. The only factor significantly associated with the EBR was mothers' belief that exclusively breastfeeding was able to ensure infant satiety.
Antenatal and postnatal breastfeeding sessions should place more emphasis on dispelling maternal myths and misperceptions regarding signs of satiety and hunger in infants and reinforcing the knowledge that breast milk alone is sufficient for the first 6 months of life.
纯母乳喂养率（EBRs）可能受到社会人口统计学和社会文化因素的影响，包括产妇年龄、社会经济地位、教育程度和母乳喂养知识。牙买加的纯母乳喂养率一直很低且呈下降趋势，因此需要更好地确定具体的当地促成因素。
本研究旨在更好地阐明影响母亲纯母乳喂养的因素，包括产前母乳喂养的意愿、母亲对母乳喂养益处的了解以及母亲一般的婴儿喂养方式，包括母乳喂养、配方奶喂养和辅食喂养。
采用一份由访谈员执行的包含52个条目的问卷，对参加产后6周门诊的母亲进行横断面调查。收集了所有参与者的社会人口统计学数据以及有关参与者母乳喂养知识、态度和行为的数据。使用χ²检验、t检验和风险分析进行统计分析。
共访谈了200名参与者；参与者的平均年龄±标准差为26.2±6.46岁（范围为15 - 46岁）。本研究样本中的纯母乳喂养率为32%。社会人口统计学因素，包括产妇年龄和社会经济地位，以及产前和产后的母乳喂养次数，对产后6周纯母乳喂养的可能性没有显著影响。与纯母乳喂养率显著相关的唯一因素是母亲认为纯母乳喂养能够确保婴儿饱腹感。
产前和产后母乳喂养课程应更加强调消除母亲对婴儿饱腹感和饥饿迹象的误解和错误认知，并强化仅母乳就足以满足婴儿出生后头6个月需求的知识。
