Department of Physics, Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
Department of Physics, Yale University, Post Office Box 208120, New Haven, CT 06520-8120, USA. Yale Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06520-8121, USA. Department of Astronomy, Yale University, Post Office Box 208101, New Haven, CT 06520-8101, USA.
Science. 2015 Jul 10;349(6244):168-71. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4506.
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies are generally thought to coevolve, so that the SMBH achieves up to about 0.2 to 0.5% of the host galaxy mass in the present day. The radiation emitted from the growing SMBH is expected to affect star formation throughout the host galaxy. The relevance of this scenario at early cosmic epochs is not yet established. We present spectroscopic observations of a galaxy at redshift z = 3.328, which hosts an actively accreting, extremely massive BH, in its final stages of growth. The SMBH mass is roughly one-tenth the mass of the entire host galaxy, suggesting that it has grown much more efficiently than the host, contrary to models of synchronized coevolution. The host galaxy is forming stars at an intense rate, despite the presence of a SMBH-driven gas outflow.
超大质量黑洞（SMBH）及其宿主星系通常被认为是共同演化的，因此 SMBH 在现今达到了宿主星系质量的约 0.2%到 0.5%。从不断增长的 SMBH 中发射出的辐射预计会影响宿主星系中的恒星形成。这种情况在早期宇宙时代的相关性尚未确定。我们呈现了一个红移为 z = 3.328 的星系的光谱观测结果，该星系宿主一个正在积极吸积、极其巨大的 BH，处于其生长的最后阶段。SMBH 的质量大约是整个宿主星系质量的十分之一，这表明它的生长效率远远高于宿主星系，与同步共同演化的模型相反。尽管存在 SMBH 驱动的气体外流，但宿主星系仍以极高的速度形成恒星。
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