Department of Psychology, Villanova University, PA 19085, USA.
Department of Psychology, Villanova University, PA 19085, USA.
Appetite. 2015 Dec;95:228-38. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.007. Epub 2015 Jul 9.
Two experiments were conducted to determine whether self-schema status moderates the effectiveness of an implementation intentions intervention on nutrition behavior among university students not meeting relevant dietary guidelines. In Experiment 1, students were asked to eat at least 2 servings of fruit and 3 of vegetables daily for a week. Implementation intention condition participants listed what fruits and vegetables they would eat and when and where they would eat them; control condition participants did not. Among those who did not initially meet vegetable targets (n = 108), implementation intentions increased the vegetable consumption of healthy eater schematics, but not of nonschematics. There were no significant effects for fruit consumption among those initially not meeting fruit targets (n = 83). Experiment 2 replicated the moderating effect of healthy eater self-schema status in regard to the effectiveness of an implementation intentions intervention for vegetable consumption among undergraduates who were not initially eating at least 3 servings of vegetables daily (n = 62). Findings are discussed in regard to promoting healthy eating among university students, as well as the implementation intention, self-schema, and self-concordance literatures.
两项实验旨在确定自我图式状态是否会影响实施意向干预对不符合相关饮食指南的大学生营养行为的有效性。在实验 1 中，要求学生在一周内每天至少吃 2 份水果和 3 份蔬菜。实施意向条件的参与者列出了他们将吃哪些水果和蔬菜，以及何时何地吃；对照组参与者则没有列出。在那些最初没有达到蔬菜目标的参与者中（n = 108），实施意向增加了健康饮食者图式的蔬菜摄入量，但对非图式者没有影响。在那些最初没有达到水果目标的参与者中（n = 83），水果摄入量没有显著影响。实验 2 在关于实施意向干预对那些最初没有每天至少吃 3 份蔬菜的本科生蔬菜摄入量的有效性的研究中，复制了健康饮食者自我图式状态的调节作用（n = 62）。研究结果在促进大学生健康饮食方面进行了讨论，以及实施意向、自我图式和自我一致性文献。
