Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2013 Jan;8(1):104-7. doi: 10.1177/1745691612469022.
In this article, we ask about the contribution of fMRI data to our understanding of theories of cognition and about the contribution of theories of cognition to our understanding of fMRI data. Experiments using fMRI can contribute to our understanding of cognition when they are designed to test the predictions of a particular cognitive theory. Although not all cognitive theories make clear predictions about patterns of activity in the brain fMRI experiments are often well suited to testing the predictions of those that do. However, many fMRI studies that are concerned with cognitive functional neuroanatomy are not designed to test predictions of cognitive theories but are instead designed to investigate the role played by different regions of the brain in cognitive activity. These fMRI studies do not shed light on cognitive theories but instead depend on cognitive theories to interpret the data-an interpretation that is only as valid as the cognitive theory on which it is based. These considerations suggest that the relationship between fMRI and theories of cognition is a two-way street.
在本文中，我们探讨了 fMRI 数据对认知理论理解的贡献，以及认知理论对 fMRI 数据理解的贡献。当 fMRI 实验旨在检验特定认知理论的预测时，它们可以为我们对认知的理解做出贡献。虽然并非所有认知理论都对大脑活动模式做出明确预测，但 fMRI 实验通常非常适合检验那些做出明确预测的理论。然而，许多关注认知功能神经解剖学的 fMRI 研究并非旨在检验认知理论的预测，而是旨在研究大脑不同区域在认知活动中的作用。这些 fMRI 研究并没有揭示认知理论，而是依赖于认知理论来解释数据——这种解释的有效性仅取决于其基于的认知理论。这些考虑表明，fMRI 和认知理论之间的关系是双向的。
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