Bastani Mehrad, Celik Nurcin
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
Waste Manag Res. 2015 Oct;33(10):894-907. doi: 10.1177/0734242X15594247. Epub 2015 Jul 28.
Safety risks embedded within solid waste management systems continue to be a significant issue and are prevalent at every step in the solid waste management process. To recognise and address these occupational hazards, it is necessary to discover the potential safety concerns that cause them, as well as their direct and/or indirect impacts on the different types of solid waste workers. In this research, our goal is to statistically assess occupational safety risks to solid waste workers in the state of Florida. Here, we first review the related standard industrial codes to major solid waste management methods including recycling, incineration, landfilling, and composting. Then, a quantitative assessment of major risks is conducted based on the data collected using a Bayesian data analysis and predictive methods. The risks estimated in this study for the period of 2005-2012 are then compared with historical statistics (1993-1997) from previous assessment studies. The results have shown that the injury rates among refuse collectors in both musculoskeletal and dermal injuries have decreased from 88 and 15 to 16 and three injuries per 1000 workers, respectively. However, a contrasting trend is observed for the injury rates among recycling workers, for whom musculoskeletal and dermal injuries have increased from 13 and four injuries to 14 and six injuries per 1000 workers, respectively. Lastly, a linear regression model has been proposed to identify major elements of the high number of musculoskeletal and dermal injuries.
固体废物管理系统中固有的安全风险仍然是一个重大问题，并且在固体废物管理过程的每一步都普遍存在。为了识别和解决这些职业危害，有必要发现导致这些危害的潜在安全问题，以及它们对不同类型的固体废物处理工人的直接和/或间接影响。在本研究中，我们的目标是对佛罗里达州固体废物处理工人的职业安全风险进行统计评估。在此，我们首先回顾与主要固体废物管理方法相关的标准行业规范，包括回收利用、焚烧、填埋和堆肥。然后，基于使用贝叶斯数据分析和预测方法收集的数据，对主要风险进行定量评估。接着，将本研究估计的2005 - 2012年期间的风险与先前评估研究的历史统计数据（1993 - 1997年）进行比较。结果表明，垃圾收集工的肌肉骨骼损伤和皮肤损伤率分别从每1000名工人88例和15例降至16例和3例。然而，回收利用工人的损伤率呈现出相反的趋势，他们的肌肉骨骼损伤和皮肤损伤率分别从每1000名工人13例和4例增加到14例和6例。最后，提出了一个线性回归模型，以确定肌肉骨骼损伤和皮肤损伤高发的主要因素。
