Boryło Alicja, Skwarzec Bogdan
Department of Analytical and Environment Radiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2014;300(2):719-727. doi: 10.1007/s10967-014-3001-9. Epub 2014 Feb 27.
The aim of this work was to calculate the values of the U/U activity ratio in natural environment (water, sediments, Baltic organisms and marine birds from various regions of the southern Baltic Sea; river waters (the Vistula and the Oder River); plants and soils collected near phosphogypsum waste heap in Wiślinka (Northern Poland) and deer-like animals from Northern Poland. On the basis of the studies it was found that the most important processes of uranium geochemical migration in the southern Baltic Sea ecosystem are the sedimentation of suspended material and the vertical diffusion from the sediments into the bottom water. Considerable values of the U/U are characterized for the Vistula and Oder Rivers and its tributaries. The values of the U/U activity ratio in different tissues and organs of the Baltic organisms, sea birds and wild deer are varied. Such a large variation value of obtained activity ratios indicates different behavior of uranium isotopes in the tissues and organisms of sea birds and wild animals. This value shows that uranium isotopes can be disposed at a slower or faster rate. The values of the U/U activity ratio in the analyzed plants, soils and mosses collected in the vicinity of phosphogypsum dumps in Wiślinka are close to one and indicate the phosphogypsum origin of the analyzed nuclides. Uranium isotopes U and U are not present in radioactive equilibrium in the aquatic environment, which indicates that their activities are not equal. The inverse relationship is observed in the terrestrial environment, where the value of the of the U/U activity ratio really oscillates around unity.
这项工作的目的是计算自然环境中U/U活度比的值（波罗的海南部不同区域的水、沉积物、波罗的海生物和海鸟；河水（维斯瓦河和奥得河）；在波兰北部维希林卡磷石膏废料堆附近采集的植物和土壤，以及波兰北部的鹿类动物）。基于这些研究发现，波罗的海南部生态系统中铀地球化学迁移的最重要过程是悬浮物的沉降以及从沉积物到底层水的垂直扩散。维斯瓦河、奥得河及其支流的U/U值相当可观。波罗的海生物、海鸟和野生鹿的不同组织和器官中的U/U活度比值各不相同。所获得的活度比的如此大的变化值表明铀同位素在海鸟和野生动物的组织和生物体中的行为不同。该值表明铀同位素可以以较慢或较快的速率沉积。在维希林卡磷石膏堆场附近采集的分析植物、土壤和苔藓中的U/U活度比值接近1，表明所分析的核素源自磷石膏。铀同位素U和U在水生环境中不存在放射性平衡，这表明它们的活度不相等。在陆地环境中观察到相反的关系，其中U/U活度比的值确实在1左右波动。
