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软骨细胞中的叉头框O转录因子调节软骨内骨形成。

Forkhead box O transcription factors in chondrocytes regulate endochondral bone formation.

作者信息

Eelen G, Verlinden L, Maes C, Beullens I, Gysemans C, Paik J-H, DePinho R A, Bouillon R, Carmeliet G, Verstuyf A

机构信息

Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA.

出版信息

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov;164:337-343. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.07.015. Epub 2015 Jul 29.

Abstract

The differentiation of embryonic mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes and the subsequent formation of a cartilaginous scaffold that enables the formation of long bones are hallmarks of endochondral ossification. During this process, chondrocytes undergo a remarkable sequence of events involving proliferation, differentiation, hypertrophy and eventually apoptosis. Forkhead Box O (FoxO) transcription factors (TFs) are well-known regulators of such cellular processes. Although FoxO3a was previously shown to be regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in osteoblasts, a possible role for this family of TFs in chondrocytes during endochondral ossification remains largely unstudied. By crossing Collagen2-Cre mice with FoxO1;FoxO3a;FoxO4 mice, we generated mice in which the three main FoxO isoforms were deleted in growth plate chondrocytes (chondrocyte triple knock-out; CTKO). Intriguingly, CTKO neonates showed a distinct elongation of the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate. CTKO mice had increased overall body and tail length at eight weeks of age and suffered from severe skeletal deformities at older ages. CTKO chondrocytes displayed decreased expression of genes involved in redox homeostasis. These observations illustrate the importance of FoxO signaling in chondrocytes during endochondral ossification.

摘要

胚胎间充质细胞分化为软骨细胞以及随后形成能够促成长骨形成的软骨支架是软骨内成骨的标志。在此过程中,软骨细胞经历了一系列显著的事件,包括增殖、分化、肥大并最终凋亡。叉头框O(FoxO)转录因子(TFs)是此类细胞过程的著名调节因子。尽管先前已表明FoxO3a在成骨细胞中受1,25 - 二羟基维生素D调控,但该转录因子家族在软骨内成骨过程中在软骨细胞中的潜在作用仍 largely未被研究。通过将Collagen2 - Cre小鼠与FoxO1;FoxO3a;FoxO4小鼠杂交,我们培育出了在生长板软骨细胞中缺失三种主要FoxO亚型的小鼠(软骨细胞三重敲除;CTKO)。有趣的是,CTKO新生小鼠的生长板肥大区明显延长。CTKO小鼠在8周龄时总体身长和尾巴长度增加,且在老年时患有严重的骨骼畸形。CTKO软骨细胞中参与氧化还原稳态的基因表达降低。这些观察结果说明了FoxO信号在软骨内成骨过程中在软骨细胞中的重要性。

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