Wu Dong, Wang Ting, Huang Xinghua, Dolfing Jan, Xie Bing
Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China,
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015 Oct;99(19):7827-36. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-6857-x. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
Organic carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur are highly concentrated in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate, which usually frustrates conventional leachate treatment technologies from the perspective of energy costs. Therefore, the possibility of converting leachate to a new energy source via microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has been examined recently. This paper summarizes the power output and energy recovery efficiency of the leachate-fed MFCs according to different feeding patterns, cell structures, and loading rates. Also, we assess potential energy-generating chemicals in leachate like nitrogen and sulfur compounds and propose alternative pathways, which may lift strict ratios between organic carbon and nitrogen content in conventional denitrification of leachate and are expected to achieve a higher voltage than traditional organic-oxygen based cells. Although currently power output of leachate-fed MFCs is limited, it seems well possible that dynamic characteristics of MSW leachates and microbial physiologies underlying some bio-electrochemically efficient activities (e.g., direct interspecies electron transfer) could be stimulated in MFC systems to improve the present status.
有机碳、氮和硫在城市固体废弃物（MSW）填埋渗滤液中高度浓缩，从能源成本角度来看，这通常会使传统渗滤液处理技术受挫。因此，最近人们研究了通过微生物燃料电池（MFC）技术将渗滤液转化为新能源的可能性。本文根据不同的进料方式、电池结构和负荷率，总结了以渗滤液为原料的MFC的功率输出和能量回收效率。此外，我们评估了渗滤液中潜在的产能化学物质，如氮和硫化合物，并提出了替代途径，这可能会打破传统渗滤液反硝化中有机碳与氮含量的严格比例，并有望获得比传统基于有机氧的电池更高的电压。尽管目前以渗滤液为原料的MFC的功率输出有限，但在MFC系统中刺激MSW渗滤液的动态特性和一些生物电化学高效活动（如直接种间电子转移）背后的微生物生理特性，以改善当前状况似乎很有可能。
