Kuria Simon Kamande, Kingu H J C, Villet M H, Dhaffala A
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
S Afr Med J. 2015 Jan 8;105(2):129-33. doi: 10.7196/samj.8118.
Myiasis is the infestation of live tissue of humans and other vertebrates by larvae of flies. Worldwide, myiasis of humans is seldom reported, although the trend is gradually changing in some countries. Reports of human myiasis in Africa are few. Several cases of myiasis were recently seen at the Mthatha Hospital Complex, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa (SA).
Because of a paucity of literature on myiasis from this region, surgeons and scientists from Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, decided to document myiasis cases presenting either at Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital or Umtata General Hospital from May 2009 to April 2013. The objective was to determine the incidence, epidemiology, patient age group and gender, and fly species involved. The effect of season on incidence was also investigated.
Twenty-five cases (14 men and 11 women) were recorded in the 4-year study period. The fly species involved were Lucilia sericata, L. cuprina, Chrysomya megacephala, C. chloropyga and Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) nodosa, the latter being confirmed as an agent for human myiasis for the first time. The patients were 3 - 78 years old (median 56). Cases were most numerous during spring and summer, and were associated with underlying pathologies typical of ageing.
Myiasis is a more common medical condition than expected in the Mthatha region. The study shows that human myiasis is still frequently encountered in SA, and there is a need to understand its epidemiology better.
蝇蛆病是指苍蝇幼虫对人类和其他脊椎动物活体组织的侵袭。在全球范围内，人类蝇蛆病的报告很少，不过在一些国家这种趋势正在逐渐改变。非洲关于人类蝇蛆病的报告寥寥无几。最近在南非东开普省姆塔塔的姆塔塔医院综合院区发现了几例蝇蛆病病例。
由于该地区关于蝇蛆病的文献匮乏，姆塔塔的沃尔特·西苏鲁大学的外科医生和科学家决定记录2009年5月至2013年4月期间在纳尔逊·曼德拉学术医院或乌姆塔塔综合医院出现的蝇蛆病病例。目的是确定发病率、流行病学、患者年龄组和性别以及涉及的苍蝇种类。还调查了季节对发病率的影响。
在为期4年的研究期间共记录了25例病例（14名男性和11名女性）。涉及的苍蝇种类有丝光绿蝇、铜绿蝇、大头金蝇、氯蝇和结节肉蝇（丽肉蝇属），后者首次被确认为人类蝇蛆病的病原体。患者年龄在3至78岁之间（中位数为56岁）。病例在春季和夏季最为多见，且与典型的老年基础疾病有关。
蝇蛆病在姆塔塔地区是一种比预期更为常见的病症。该研究表明，在南非人类蝇蛆病仍经常遇到，有必要更好地了解其流行病学情况。
