Guidozzi F
a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , South Africa.
Climacteric. 2015 Oct;18(5):715-21. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1042451.
Sleep disturbances increase with increasing age in both males and females and become fairly common in the older community when compared to their younger counterparts. Even though these sleep disturbances increase with advancing age, there are nevertheless inherent differences in sleep disturbances between males and females. When compared to older men, older women will have a longer sleep latency (number of minutes it takes to fall asleep), more daytime sleepiness, will sleep about 20 min less per day, have less NREM stages 1 and 2 sleep, have more slow-wave sleep, and are more predisposed to REM sleep. Women have at least a 40% increased risk for developing insomnia, are at twice the risk for restless legs syndrome, will have different obstructive sleep apnea symptoms and more partial obstructions during sleep compared to men. They are also less likely to use antidepressants but will metabolize zolpidem 50% slower than men.
睡眠障碍在男性和女性中均随年龄增长而增加，与年轻人群相比，在老年群体中相当普遍。尽管这些睡眠障碍会随着年龄的增长而增加，但男性和女性在睡眠障碍方面仍存在内在差异。与老年男性相比，老年女性的入睡潜伏期更长（入睡所需的分钟数），白天更困倦，每天睡眠时间少约20分钟，非快速眼动睡眠1期和2期睡眠更少，慢波睡眠更多，且更容易出现快速眼动睡眠。女性患失眠症的风险至少增加40%，患不安腿综合征的风险是男性的两倍，与男性相比，她们在睡眠期间会有不同的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症状和更多的部分阻塞。她们使用抗抑郁药的可能性也较小，但唑吡坦的代谢速度比男性慢50%。
